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caf3b78c AB |
1 | #+title: sources of aminb.org's pages and posts |
2 | ||
3 | #+hugo_base_dir: .. | |
4 | #+seq_todo: TODO DRAFT DONE | |
5 | #+property: header-args :eval never-export | |
6 | #+options: author:nil | |
7 | ||
8 | #+macro: abbr @@html:<abbr>$1</abbr>@@ | |
9 | #+macro: span @@html:<span class="$1">$2</span>@@ | |
10 | ||
ae39b0da AB |
11 | * Home |
12 | :PROPERTIES: | |
13 | :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: / | |
14 | :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: _index | |
15 | :END: | |
16 | ||
17 | I'm a [[/uw][graduate student]] in the [[https://watform.uwaterloo.ca][WatForm]] group at University of Waterloo, | |
18 | supervised by [[https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~nday/][Dr. Nancy Day]]. I'm interested in using formal methods, | |
19 | especially type systems, to help make software more reliable. | |
20 | ||
caf3b78c AB |
21 | * Pages |
22 | :PROPERTIES: | |
23 | :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: / | |
24 | :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav | |
25 | :END: | |
26 | ||
27 | ** CV | |
28 | :PROPERTIES: | |
29 | :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: cv | |
30 | :END: | |
31 | ||
32 | My academic {{{abbr(CV)}}} is available as [[/cv.pdf][cv.pdf]], | |
33 | and an outdated professional resume is available as [[/resume.pdf][resume.pdf]] as | |
34 | well. | |
35 | ||
36 | I'm interested in functional programming and functional languages, | |
37 | type systems, and formal methods in general. I love writing Haskell | |
38 | and I'm looking into Rust and Lean as well. Feel free to [[/contact][drop me a | |
39 | line]] if you like to geek out about any of the above. | |
40 | ||
41 | ** TODO Now | |
42 | ||
43 | ** TODO Projects | |
44 | ||
d6fab81a AB |
45 | ** DONE Contact |
46 | CLOSED: [2018-09-03 Mon 20:44] | |
47 | :PROPERTIES: | |
48 | :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: contact | |
49 | :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :customTitle "Say hello!" | |
50 | :END: | |
51 | ||
52 | #+macro: xmpp @@html:<a href="xmpp:$1">$1</a>@@ | |
53 | ||
54 | You can contact me via email or through my accounts on various online | |
55 | platforms. | |
56 | ||
57 | *** Contact info | |
58 | ||
59 | - [[mailto:amin@aminb.org][amin@aminb.org]] | |
60 | - [[mailto:amin@gnu.org][amin@gnu.org]], I'm a volunteer [[https://www.gnu.org/people/webmeisters.html#aminb][GNU webmaster]] | |
eac9e3d2 | 61 | - [[mailto:abandali@uwaterloo.ca][abandali@uwaterloo.ca]], I'm a [[/uw][grad student]] @ UW |
d6fab81a AB |
62 | - gpg key: [[https://pgp.surfnet.nl/pks/lookup?op=vindex&fingerprint=on&search=0xD1FBA36627D65876][CDDE 75F9 0353 8E71 813C DA27 D1FB A366 27D6 5876]] |
63 | - aminb on [[https://freenode.net][freenode]] and [[https://wiki.mozilla.org/IRC][moznet]] IRC | |
64 | - [[https://matrix.to/#/@aminb:matrix.org][@aminb:matrix.org]] on Matrix | |
65 | - {{{xmpp(aminb@member.fsf.org)}}} via XMPP | |
66 | - [[https://pleroma.site/users/aminb][aminb@pleroma.site]] on the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fediverse][fediverse]] | |
67 | ||
68 | *** Other online places | |
69 | ||
70 | - [[https://git.sr.ht/%257Eaminb][~aminb]] on [[https://sr.ht][sr.ht]] | |
71 | - [[https://lobste.rs/u/aminb][aminb]] on Lobsters | |
72 | - [[https://gitlab.com/aminb][aminb]] on GitLab | |
73 | - [[https://keybase.io/amin][amin]] on Keybase | |
74 | - [[https://news.ycombinator.com/user?id=aban][aban]] on HN | |
75 | - [[https://www.reddit.com/u/aminb][aminb]] on Reddit | |
76 | - +[[https://github.com/aminb][aminb]] on GitHub+ | |
77 | - +[[https://twitter.com/aminban][aminban]] on Twitter+ | |
caf3b78c | 78 | |
eac9e3d2 AB |
79 | ** Colophon |
80 | :PROPERTIES: | |
81 | :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: colophon | |
82 | :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu "nomenu" | |
83 | :END: | |
84 | ||
85 | #+macro: light @@html:<label class="light-off-button-inline" for="light-off"></label>@@ | |
86 | #+macro: ccbysa @@html:<a rel="license" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International @@{{{ccbysa-img}}}@@html:</a>@@ | |
87 | #+macro: ccbysa-img @@html:<img alt="Creative Commons Licence" style="border-width:0" src="//i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/80x15.png"/>@@ | |
88 | ||
89 | This is my personal website, previous versions of which I've ran on | |
90 | different domains since 2012. The last version was generated using | |
91 | [[https://www.romanzolotarev.com/ssg.html][ssg]] (shout out to Roman Zolotarev), but I've since ported it to GNU | |
92 | Emacs + Org mode. | |
93 | ||
94 | The sources are available on https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org. The | |
95 | site is automatically generated on each =git push= using the | |
96 | [[https://builds.sr.ht][builds.sr.ht]] service (see the [[https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org/tree/.build.yml][=.build.yml=]] build manifest) and is | |
97 | deployed to my server, where it's served by [[https://www.nginx.com][Nginx]] on [[https://www.debian.org][Debian GNU/Linux]]. | |
98 | ||
99 | *** Night mode | |
100 | ||
101 | To toggle night mode, click on {{{light}}}, which is always available | |
102 | on the top navigation menu. It saves its state in a browser cookie, | |
103 | other than that no JavaScript is required to use this website. | |
104 | ||
105 | *** Copyright and Licenses | |
106 | :PROPERTIES: | |
107 | :CUSTOM_ID: copyright | |
108 | :END: | |
109 | ||
110 | The source code for this site is licensed under version 3 (or, at your | |
111 | option, any later version) of the [[https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html][GNU General Public License]] (see the | |
112 | [[https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org/tree/COPYING][=COPYING=]] file). The contents of the website are licensed under a | |
113 | {{{ccbysa}}} license. | |
114 | ||
caf3b78c AB |
115 | * Posts |
116 | :PROPERTIES: | |
117 | :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: post | |
118 | :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu main | |
ae39b0da | 119 | :EXPORT_HUGO_AUTO_SET_LASTMOD: t |
caf3b78c AB |
120 | :END: |
121 | ||
122 | ** Arch GNU/Linux on MacBook Air 2013 :arch:macbook: | |
123 | :PROPERTIES: | |
124 | :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: arch-macbook-air | |
125 | :EXPORT_DATE: 2016-11-01 | |
caf3b78c | 126 | :EXPORT_OPTIONS: ^:{} |
ae39b0da AB |
127 | :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu main |
128 | :EXPORT_HUGO_ALIASES: /2016/11/arch-macbook-air | |
129 | :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :toc true | |
caf3b78c AB |
130 | :END: |
131 | ||
132 | This post summarizes how I install and dual-boot Arch GNU/Linux with | |
133 | Full-Disk Encryption alongside macOS. It is not meant to be a | |
134 | replacement for the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/installation_guide][Installation Guide]] or the former [[https://csdietz.github.io/arch-beginner-guide/][Beginner's Guide]]. | |
135 | Rather, it mostly serves as a small summary with a few useful notes | |
136 | about the gotchas. | |
137 | ||
138 | So, make sure you understand what you type into your terminal. If you | |
139 | don't, checking out the Arch wiki should probably be your first step. | |
140 | ||
141 | /Note:/ you will need internet access throughout the installation and | |
142 | the MacBook Air's WiFi doesn't work out of the box on Arch. I | |
143 | recommend using your phone's USB Tethering (if it does support it), or | |
144 | using an Ethernet-USB adapter. | |
145 | ||
146 | *** Shrinking the macOS partition | |
147 | ||
148 | The first step I take is resizing the HFS+ macOS partition to make | |
149 | room for the new {{{abbr(GNU/Linux)}}} installation. There are plenty | |
150 | of tutorials on how to do this using macOS's Disk Utility, so do that | |
151 | and then come back! | |
152 | ||
153 | *** Creating a bootable Arch Installer USB | |
154 | ||
155 | There are different ways of creating a bootable Arch USB, all | |
156 | documented on the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/USB_flash_installation_media][USB flash installation media]] page on the Arch wiki, | |
157 | but the simplest one is using =dd= if you already have access to | |
158 | another UNIX system. | |
159 | ||
160 | {{{span(red,Warning:)}}} make sure you backup the data on your flash | |
161 | drive, as =dd= will irrevocably destroy all data on it. | |
162 | ||
163 | Use =lsblk= to find the name (block device) of your USB drive, then | |
164 | run =dd= (as root) as shown below: | |
165 | ||
166 | #+begin_src bash | |
167 | dd bs=4M if=/path/to/archlinux.iso of=/dev/sdx status=progress && sync | |
168 | #+end_src | |
169 | ||
170 | Replace =/path/to/archlinux.iso= with the path to the Arch image you | |
171 | have downloaded, and =/dev/sdx= with your drive. | |
172 | ||
173 | *** Booting up from the USB | |
174 | ||
175 | After creating the install USB, reboot your laptop and hold the alt | |
176 | key and boot into the USB. | |
177 | ||
178 | When booting is complete and you're presented with the prompt, it's a | |
179 | good time to make sure you're connected to the internet (see the | |
180 | /note/ at the top of this post). | |
181 | ||
182 | Use =ping= to verify that you've established a connection: | |
183 | ||
184 | #+begin_src bash | |
185 | ping archlinux.org | |
186 | #+end_src | |
187 | ||
188 | *** Updating the system clock | |
189 | ||
190 | Once you're connected to the internet, make sure the system clock is | |
191 | accurate: | |
192 | ||
193 | #+begin_src bash | |
194 | timedatectl set-ntp true # start and enable systemd-timesyncd | |
195 | #+end_src | |
196 | ||
197 | You can check the service status using =timedatectl status=. | |
198 | ||
199 | *** Partitioning | |
200 | :PROPERTIES: | |
201 | :CUSTOM_ID: partitioning | |
202 | :END: | |
203 | ||
204 | I won't dive into partitioning and instead, I'll refer you to the | |
205 | [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Partitioning][Partitioning]] page of Arch wiki. Of the available partitioning tools, I | |
206 | personally prefer =cfdisk=. | |
207 | ||
208 | *** Setting up LVM & LUKS | |
209 | ||
210 | I use a [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dm-crypt/Encrypting_an_entire_system#LVM_on_LUKS][LVM on LUKS]] setup, where I set up LVM on top of the encrypted | |
211 | partition. | |
212 | ||
213 | First, let's set up the underlying encrypted partition: | |
214 | ||
215 | #+begin_src bash | |
216 | cryptsetup -v --cipher aes-xts-plain64 --key-size 512 --hash sha512 \ | |
217 | --iter-time 5000 --use-urandom -y luksFormat /dev/sdaX | |
218 | #+end_src | |
219 | ||
220 | where =/dev/sdaX= is the partition you created in the last step | |
221 | (e.g. =/dev/sda4=). For more information about the =cryptsetup= | |
222 | options, see the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dm-crypt/Device_encryption#Encryption_options_for_LUKS_mode][LUKS encryption options]]. | |
223 | ||
224 | Then we open the container: | |
225 | ||
226 | #+begin_src bash | |
227 | cryptsetup open --type luks /dev/sdaX lvm | |
228 | #+end_src | |
229 | ||
230 | Now it's time to use lvm and prepare the logical volume(s): | |
231 | ||
232 | #+begin_src bash | |
233 | pvcreate /dev/mapper/lvm | |
234 | vgcreate vg /dev/mapper/lvm | |
235 | lvcreate --extents +100%FREE -n root vg | |
236 | #+end_src | |
237 | ||
238 | This will create a physical volume on the mapping we just opened, | |
239 | create a volume group named =vg= on the physical volume, and create a | |
240 | logical volume named =root= that spans the entire volume group. More | |
241 | complex setups are possible thanks to the great flexibility of lvm. | |
242 | ||
243 | We now format the logical volume with =ext4=: | |
244 | ||
245 | #+begin_src bash | |
246 | mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg-root | |
247 | #+end_src | |
248 | ||
249 | *** Installing the base system | |
250 | ||
251 | Let's mount the logical volume, make a directory for the mount point | |
252 | of the boot partition, and mount the boot partition (=/dev/sda1=): | |
253 | ||
254 | #+begin_src bash | |
255 | mount /dev/mapper/vg-root /mnt | |
256 | mkdir /mnt/boot | |
257 | mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot | |
258 | #+end_src | |
259 | ||
260 | Finally, let's install the base system (and optionally =base-devel=): | |
261 | ||
262 | #+begin_src bash | |
263 | pacstrap /mnt base base-devel | |
264 | #+end_src | |
265 | ||
266 | *** Configuring the system | |
267 | ||
268 | Let's generate the fstab: | |
269 | ||
270 | #+begin_src bash | |
271 | genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab | |
272 | #+end_src | |
273 | ||
274 | Use your favorite terminal-based editor, edit the fstab file and add | |
275 | the =discard= option for the root partition to enable TRIM on the SSD. | |
276 | ||
277 | Now we change root into our newly installed system and will configure | |
278 | it. Adjust these according to your own setup. | |
279 | ||
280 | #+begin_src bash | |
281 | arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash | |
282 | passwd # set the root password | |
283 | echo myhostname > /etc/hostname # set the hostname | |
284 | ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Canada/Eastern /etc/localtime # time zone | |
285 | hwclock --systohc --utc # write system clock to hardware clock (UTC) | |
286 | useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash myuser # create myuser | |
287 | passwd myuser # set the password for myuser | |
288 | echo "myuser ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" >> /etc/sudoers.d/myuser | |
289 | # uncomment en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 and other needed locales in /etc/locale.gen | |
290 | locale-gen | |
291 | echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf | |
292 | export LANG=en_US.UTF-8 | |
293 | #+end_src | |
294 | ||
295 | Then adjust the initramfs hooks in =/etc/mkinitcpio.conf= and enable | |
296 | the =encrypt= and =lvm2= hooks, and make sure =keyboard= is available | |
297 | before =encrypt= so you can actually type in the LUKS password when | |
298 | booting. Your =HOOKS= line should look similar to this: | |
299 | ||
300 | #+begin_src | |
301 | HOOKS="base udev autodetect modconf block keyboard encrypt lvm2 filesystems fsck" | |
302 | #+end_src | |
303 | ||
304 | After adjusting the hooks, build the initramfs: | |
305 | ||
306 | #+begin_src bash | |
307 | mkinitcpio -p linux | |
308 | #+end_src | |
309 | ||
310 | Now, install the =intel-ucode= package. We'll configure the bootloader | |
311 | to enable intel microcode updates. | |
312 | ||
313 | #+begin_src bash | |
314 | pacman -S intel-ucode | |
315 | #+end_src | |
316 | ||
317 | Create the =/boot/loader/loader.conf= with the following content | |
318 | (adjust the timeout to your liking): | |
319 | ||
320 | #+begin_src | |
321 | default arch | |
322 | timeout 3 | |
323 | #+end_src | |
324 | ||
325 | Then create the entry for Arch: | |
326 | ||
327 | #+begin_src bash | |
328 | mkdir -p /boot/loader/entries | |
329 | touch /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf | |
330 | #+end_src | |
331 | ||
332 | Now edit =/boot/loader/entries/arch.conf= to specify the Arch entry: | |
333 | ||
334 | #+begin_src | |
335 | title Arch GNU/Linux | |
336 | linux /vmlinuz-linux | |
337 | initrd /intel-ucode.img | |
338 | initrd /initramfs-linux.img | |
339 | options cryptdevice=/dev/sdaX:vg:allow-discards root=/dev/mapper/vg-root rw | |
340 | #+end_src | |
341 | ||
342 | Again, =/dev/sdaX= is the partition you created in the [[#partitioning][partitioning]] | |
343 | step as the underlying encrypted partition. | |
344 | ||
345 | Finally, install the bootloader, exit the chroot, umount and reboot! | |
346 | ||
347 | #+begin_src bash | |
348 | bootctl install | |
349 | exit | |
350 | umount -R /mnt | |
351 | reboot | |
352 | #+end_src | |
353 | ||
354 | *** Post-installation recommendations | |
355 | ||
356 | Congratulations! You now have a minimal Arch installation. | |
357 | ||
358 | At this point, I usually install my favorite AUR helper, [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/pacaur/][pacaur]], then | |
359 | I install the [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/broadcom-wl-dkms/][broadcom-wl-dkms]] wireless driver and [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/mba6x_bl-dkms/][mba6x_bl-dkms]] | |
360 | backlight driver to fix the post suspend/resume issue where three's no | |
361 | brightness after waking up from suspend, and the only available | |
362 | brightness would be 100%. | |
363 | ||
364 | #+begin_src bash | |
365 | pacaur -S linux-headers dkms # linux-headers is required for dkms | |
366 | pacaur -S broadcom-wl-dkms | |
367 | pacaur -S mba6x_bl-dkms | |
368 | #+end_src | |
369 | ||
370 | Then, I'd like to install | |
371 | ||
372 | - input, graphics, and sound drivers, | |
373 | - a desktop environment (I prefer Xfce or LXQt), | |
374 | - a display manager for login screen (lightdm or sddm), and | |
375 | - a network manager (NetworkManager or ConnMan). | |
376 | ||
377 | Check out the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/General_recommendations][General recommendations]] for more details. | |
378 | ||
379 | *** References | |
380 | ||
381 | Here are some resources I've come across each with lots of useful bits | |
382 | and pieces, about installing Arch on a MacBook: | |
383 | ||
384 | - [[https://github.com/pandeiro/arch-on-air][pandeiro/arch-on-air]] | |
385 | - [[https://loicpefferkorn.net/2015/01/arch-linux-on-macbook-pro-retina-2014-with-dm-crypt-lvm-and-suspend-to-disk/][Arch Linux on MacBook Pro Retina 2014 with DM-Crypt, LVM and suspend to disk]] | |
386 | - [[http://frankshin.com/installing-archlinux-on-macbook-air-2013/][Installing Archlinux on Macbook Air 2013]] | |
387 | - [[http://panks.me/posts/2013/06/arch-linux-installation-with-os-x-on-macbook-air-dual-boot/][Arch Linux Installation with OS X on Macbook Air (Dual Boot)]] | |
388 | - [[https://visual-assault.org/2016/03/05/install-encrypted-arch-linux-on-apple-macbook-pro/][Installing (encrypted) Arch Linux on an Apple MacBook Pro]] | |
389 | - [[http://alexeyzabelin.com/arch-on-mac][Installing Arch Linux on a MacBook Air 2013]] | |
390 | - [[https://medium.com/phils-thought-bubble-of-recent-stuff/arch-linux-running-on-my-macbook-2ea525ebefe3][Arch Linux running on my MacBook]] | |
391 | - [[http://codylittlewood.com/arch-linux-on-macbook-pro-installation/][Dual boot Arch Linux on MacBook Pro Installation]] | |
392 | ||
393 | * Meta | |
394 | ** Search | |
395 | :PROPERTIES: | |
396 | :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: / | |
397 | :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: search | |
398 | :EXPORT_HUGO_LAYOUT: search | |
399 | :EXPORT_HUGO_OUTPUTS: html json | |
400 | :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :sitemap '((priority . 0.1)) | |
401 | :END: | |
402 | Results from static site search implemented using /Fusejs/, /jquery/ | |
403 | and /mark.js/. -- [[https://gist.github.com/eddiewebb/735feb48f50f0ddd65ae5606a1cb41ae][Source]] | |
404 | ||
405 | * COMMENT Local Variables :ARCHIVE: | |
406 | # Local Variables: | |
407 | # org-hugo-footer: "\n\n[//]: # \"Exported with love from a post written in Org mode\"\n[//]: # \"- https://github.com/kaushalmodi/ox-hugo\"" | |
408 | # End: |