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caf3b78c AB |
1 | #+title: sources of aminb.org's pages and posts |
2 | ||
3 | #+hugo_base_dir: .. | |
4 | #+seq_todo: TODO DRAFT DONE | |
5 | #+property: header-args :eval never-export | |
6 | #+options: author:nil | |
7 | ||
8 | #+macro: abbr @@html:<abbr>$1</abbr>@@ | |
9 | #+macro: span @@html:<span class="$1">$2</span>@@ | |
10 | ||
bdec7790 | 11 | * Pages |
ae39b0da AB |
12 | :PROPERTIES: |
13 | :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: / | |
bdec7790 AB |
14 | :END: |
15 | ||
16 | ** Home | |
17 | :PROPERTIES: | |
ae39b0da AB |
18 | :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: _index |
19 | :END: | |
20 | ||
21 | I'm a [[/uw][graduate student]] in the [[https://watform.uwaterloo.ca][WatForm]] group at University of Waterloo, | |
22 | supervised by [[https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~nday/][Dr. Nancy Day]]. I'm interested in using formal methods, | |
23 | especially type systems, to help make software more reliable. | |
24 | ||
caf3b78c AB |
25 | ** CV |
26 | :PROPERTIES: | |
27 | :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: cv | |
bdec7790 | 28 | :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 10 |
caf3b78c AB |
29 | :END: |
30 | ||
31 | My academic {{{abbr(CV)}}} is available as [[/cv.pdf][cv.pdf]], | |
32 | and an outdated professional resume is available as [[/resume.pdf][resume.pdf]] as | |
33 | well. | |
34 | ||
35 | I'm interested in functional programming and functional languages, | |
36 | type systems, and formal methods in general. I love writing Haskell | |
37 | and I'm looking into Rust and Lean as well. Feel free to [[/contact][drop me a | |
38 | line]] if you like to geek out about any of the above. | |
39 | ||
345fdf43 AB |
40 | ** DONE Now |
41 | CLOSED: [2018-09-04 Tue 10:53] | |
42 | :PROPERTIES: | |
43 | :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: now | |
44 | :EXPORT_HUGO_AUTO_SET_LASTMOD: t | |
45 | :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 20 | |
46 | :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :customTitle "What I'm doing now" | |
47 | :END: | |
48 | ||
49 | This is my [[https://nownownow.com/about][now page]]. | |
50 | ||
51 | I'm currently doing my third semester as a [[/uw][graduate student]] in the | |
52 | Waterloo Formal Methods group at University of Waterloo. I'm also | |
53 | TA'ing [[https://www.student.cs.uwaterloo.ca/~se212/][SE 212: Logic and Computation]], taught by my supervisor, Nancy. | |
54 | ||
55 | In my spare time, I write [[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.en.html][free software]] (projects page coming soon), | |
56 | and tend to various tasks as a GNU webmaster. I've also been picking | |
57 | up the guitar, after giving up on my longtime dream of being a | |
58 | pianist, at least for now. | |
59 | ||
60 | This update was on {{< lastmod >}}. | |
caf3b78c AB |
61 | |
62 | ** TODO Projects | |
63 | ||
d6fab81a AB |
64 | ** DONE Contact |
65 | CLOSED: [2018-09-03 Mon 20:44] | |
66 | :PROPERTIES: | |
67 | :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: contact | |
bdec7790 | 68 | :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 40 |
d6fab81a AB |
69 | :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :customTitle "Say hello!" |
70 | :END: | |
71 | ||
72 | #+macro: xmpp @@html:<a href="xmpp:$1">$1</a>@@ | |
73 | ||
74 | You can contact me via email or through my accounts on various online | |
75 | platforms. | |
76 | ||
77 | *** Contact info | |
78 | ||
79 | - [[mailto:amin@aminb.org][amin@aminb.org]] | |
80 | - [[mailto:amin@gnu.org][amin@gnu.org]], I'm a volunteer [[https://www.gnu.org/people/webmeisters.html#aminb][GNU webmaster]] | |
eac9e3d2 | 81 | - [[mailto:abandali@uwaterloo.ca][abandali@uwaterloo.ca]], I'm a [[/uw][grad student]] @ UW |
d6fab81a AB |
82 | - gpg key: [[https://pgp.surfnet.nl/pks/lookup?op=vindex&fingerprint=on&search=0xD1FBA36627D65876][CDDE 75F9 0353 8E71 813C DA27 D1FB A366 27D6 5876]] |
83 | - aminb on [[https://freenode.net][freenode]] and [[https://wiki.mozilla.org/IRC][moznet]] IRC | |
84 | - [[https://matrix.to/#/@aminb:matrix.org][@aminb:matrix.org]] on Matrix | |
85 | - {{{xmpp(aminb@member.fsf.org)}}} via XMPP | |
86 | - [[https://pleroma.site/users/aminb][aminb@pleroma.site]] on the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fediverse][fediverse]] | |
87 | ||
88 | *** Other online places | |
89 | ||
90 | - [[https://git.sr.ht/%257Eaminb][~aminb]] on [[https://sr.ht][sr.ht]] | |
91 | - [[https://lobste.rs/u/aminb][aminb]] on Lobsters | |
92 | - [[https://gitlab.com/aminb][aminb]] on GitLab | |
93 | - [[https://keybase.io/amin][amin]] on Keybase | |
94 | - [[https://news.ycombinator.com/user?id=aban][aban]] on HN | |
95 | - [[https://www.reddit.com/u/aminb][aminb]] on Reddit | |
96 | - +[[https://github.com/aminb][aminb]] on GitHub+ | |
97 | - +[[https://twitter.com/aminban][aminban]] on Twitter+ | |
caf3b78c | 98 | |
eac9e3d2 AB |
99 | ** Colophon |
100 | :PROPERTIES: | |
101 | :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: colophon | |
eac9e3d2 AB |
102 | :END: |
103 | ||
104 | #+macro: light @@html:<label class="light-off-button-inline" for="light-off"></label>@@ | |
105 | #+macro: ccbysa @@html:<a rel="license" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International @@{{{ccbysa-img}}}@@html:</a>@@ | |
106 | #+macro: ccbysa-img @@html:<img alt="Creative Commons Licence" style="border-width:0" src="//i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/80x15.png"/>@@ | |
107 | ||
108 | This is my personal website, previous versions of which I've ran on | |
109 | different domains since 2012. The last version was generated using | |
110 | [[https://www.romanzolotarev.com/ssg.html][ssg]] (shout out to Roman Zolotarev), but I've since ported it to GNU | |
111 | Emacs + Org mode. | |
112 | ||
113 | The sources are available on https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org. The | |
114 | site is automatically generated on each =git push= using the | |
115 | [[https://builds.sr.ht][builds.sr.ht]] service (see the [[https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org/tree/.build.yml][=.build.yml=]] build manifest) and is | |
116 | deployed to my server, where it's served by [[https://www.nginx.com][Nginx]] on [[https://www.debian.org][Debian GNU/Linux]]. | |
117 | ||
118 | *** Night mode | |
119 | ||
120 | To toggle night mode, click on {{{light}}}, which is always available | |
121 | on the top navigation menu. It saves its state in a browser cookie, | |
122 | other than that no JavaScript is required to use this website. | |
123 | ||
124 | *** Copyright and Licenses | |
125 | :PROPERTIES: | |
126 | :CUSTOM_ID: copyright | |
127 | :END: | |
128 | ||
129 | The source code for this site is licensed under version 3 (or, at your | |
130 | option, any later version) of the [[https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html][GNU General Public License]] (see the | |
131 | [[https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org/tree/COPYING][=COPYING=]] file). The contents of the website are licensed under a | |
132 | {{{ccbysa}}} license. | |
133 | ||
84421557 AB |
134 | *** i2p angel |
135 | :PROPERTIES: | |
136 | :CUSTOM_ID: i2pangel | |
137 | :END: | |
138 | ||
139 | The favicons were derived from [[https://psychosoma.tech][nether]]'s beautiful [[https://psychosoma.tech/me/work/i2pangel.png][i2p angel]], a small | |
140 | version of which is displayed on the home page. | |
141 | ||
bdec7790 AB |
142 | ** Search |
143 | :PROPERTIES: | |
144 | :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: / | |
145 | :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: search | |
146 | :EXPORT_HUGO_LAYOUT: search | |
147 | :EXPORT_HUGO_OUTPUTS: html json | |
148 | :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :sitemap '((priority . 0.1)) | |
149 | :END: | |
150 | Results from static site search implemented using /Fusejs/, /jquery/ | |
151 | and /mark.js/. -- [[https://gist.github.com/eddiewebb/735feb48f50f0ddd65ae5606a1cb41ae][Source]] | |
152 | ||
caf3b78c AB |
153 | * Posts |
154 | :PROPERTIES: | |
155 | :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: post | |
ae39b0da | 156 | :EXPORT_HUGO_AUTO_SET_LASTMOD: t |
caf3b78c AB |
157 | :END: |
158 | ||
159 | ** Arch GNU/Linux on MacBook Air 2013 :arch:macbook: | |
160 | :PROPERTIES: | |
161 | :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: arch-macbook-air | |
162 | :EXPORT_DATE: 2016-11-01 | |
caf3b78c | 163 | :EXPORT_OPTIONS: ^:{} |
ae39b0da AB |
164 | :EXPORT_HUGO_ALIASES: /2016/11/arch-macbook-air |
165 | :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :toc true | |
caf3b78c AB |
166 | :END: |
167 | ||
168 | This post summarizes how I install and dual-boot Arch GNU/Linux with | |
169 | Full-Disk Encryption alongside macOS. It is not meant to be a | |
170 | replacement for the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/installation_guide][Installation Guide]] or the former [[https://csdietz.github.io/arch-beginner-guide/][Beginner's Guide]]. | |
171 | Rather, it mostly serves as a small summary with a few useful notes | |
172 | about the gotchas. | |
173 | ||
174 | So, make sure you understand what you type into your terminal. If you | |
175 | don't, checking out the Arch wiki should probably be your first step. | |
176 | ||
177 | /Note:/ you will need internet access throughout the installation and | |
178 | the MacBook Air's WiFi doesn't work out of the box on Arch. I | |
179 | recommend using your phone's USB Tethering (if it does support it), or | |
180 | using an Ethernet-USB adapter. | |
181 | ||
182 | *** Shrinking the macOS partition | |
183 | ||
184 | The first step I take is resizing the HFS+ macOS partition to make | |
185 | room for the new {{{abbr(GNU/Linux)}}} installation. There are plenty | |
186 | of tutorials on how to do this using macOS's Disk Utility, so do that | |
187 | and then come back! | |
188 | ||
189 | *** Creating a bootable Arch Installer USB | |
190 | ||
191 | There are different ways of creating a bootable Arch USB, all | |
192 | documented on the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/USB_flash_installation_media][USB flash installation media]] page on the Arch wiki, | |
193 | but the simplest one is using =dd= if you already have access to | |
194 | another UNIX system. | |
195 | ||
196 | {{{span(red,Warning:)}}} make sure you backup the data on your flash | |
197 | drive, as =dd= will irrevocably destroy all data on it. | |
198 | ||
199 | Use =lsblk= to find the name (block device) of your USB drive, then | |
200 | run =dd= (as root) as shown below: | |
201 | ||
202 | #+begin_src bash | |
203 | dd bs=4M if=/path/to/archlinux.iso of=/dev/sdx status=progress && sync | |
204 | #+end_src | |
205 | ||
206 | Replace =/path/to/archlinux.iso= with the path to the Arch image you | |
207 | have downloaded, and =/dev/sdx= with your drive. | |
208 | ||
209 | *** Booting up from the USB | |
210 | ||
211 | After creating the install USB, reboot your laptop and hold the alt | |
212 | key and boot into the USB. | |
213 | ||
214 | When booting is complete and you're presented with the prompt, it's a | |
215 | good time to make sure you're connected to the internet (see the | |
216 | /note/ at the top of this post). | |
217 | ||
218 | Use =ping= to verify that you've established a connection: | |
219 | ||
220 | #+begin_src bash | |
221 | ping archlinux.org | |
222 | #+end_src | |
223 | ||
224 | *** Updating the system clock | |
225 | ||
226 | Once you're connected to the internet, make sure the system clock is | |
227 | accurate: | |
228 | ||
229 | #+begin_src bash | |
230 | timedatectl set-ntp true # start and enable systemd-timesyncd | |
231 | #+end_src | |
232 | ||
233 | You can check the service status using =timedatectl status=. | |
234 | ||
235 | *** Partitioning | |
236 | :PROPERTIES: | |
237 | :CUSTOM_ID: partitioning | |
238 | :END: | |
239 | ||
240 | I won't dive into partitioning and instead, I'll refer you to the | |
241 | [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Partitioning][Partitioning]] page of Arch wiki. Of the available partitioning tools, I | |
242 | personally prefer =cfdisk=. | |
243 | ||
244 | *** Setting up LVM & LUKS | |
245 | ||
246 | I use a [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dm-crypt/Encrypting_an_entire_system#LVM_on_LUKS][LVM on LUKS]] setup, where I set up LVM on top of the encrypted | |
247 | partition. | |
248 | ||
249 | First, let's set up the underlying encrypted partition: | |
250 | ||
251 | #+begin_src bash | |
252 | cryptsetup -v --cipher aes-xts-plain64 --key-size 512 --hash sha512 \ | |
253 | --iter-time 5000 --use-urandom -y luksFormat /dev/sdaX | |
254 | #+end_src | |
255 | ||
256 | where =/dev/sdaX= is the partition you created in the last step | |
257 | (e.g. =/dev/sda4=). For more information about the =cryptsetup= | |
258 | options, see the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dm-crypt/Device_encryption#Encryption_options_for_LUKS_mode][LUKS encryption options]]. | |
259 | ||
260 | Then we open the container: | |
261 | ||
262 | #+begin_src bash | |
263 | cryptsetup open --type luks /dev/sdaX lvm | |
264 | #+end_src | |
265 | ||
266 | Now it's time to use lvm and prepare the logical volume(s): | |
267 | ||
268 | #+begin_src bash | |
269 | pvcreate /dev/mapper/lvm | |
270 | vgcreate vg /dev/mapper/lvm | |
271 | lvcreate --extents +100%FREE -n root vg | |
272 | #+end_src | |
273 | ||
274 | This will create a physical volume on the mapping we just opened, | |
275 | create a volume group named =vg= on the physical volume, and create a | |
276 | logical volume named =root= that spans the entire volume group. More | |
277 | complex setups are possible thanks to the great flexibility of lvm. | |
278 | ||
279 | We now format the logical volume with =ext4=: | |
280 | ||
281 | #+begin_src bash | |
282 | mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg-root | |
283 | #+end_src | |
284 | ||
285 | *** Installing the base system | |
286 | ||
287 | Let's mount the logical volume, make a directory for the mount point | |
288 | of the boot partition, and mount the boot partition (=/dev/sda1=): | |
289 | ||
290 | #+begin_src bash | |
291 | mount /dev/mapper/vg-root /mnt | |
292 | mkdir /mnt/boot | |
293 | mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot | |
294 | #+end_src | |
295 | ||
296 | Finally, let's install the base system (and optionally =base-devel=): | |
297 | ||
298 | #+begin_src bash | |
299 | pacstrap /mnt base base-devel | |
300 | #+end_src | |
301 | ||
302 | *** Configuring the system | |
303 | ||
304 | Let's generate the fstab: | |
305 | ||
306 | #+begin_src bash | |
307 | genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab | |
308 | #+end_src | |
309 | ||
310 | Use your favorite terminal-based editor, edit the fstab file and add | |
311 | the =discard= option for the root partition to enable TRIM on the SSD. | |
312 | ||
313 | Now we change root into our newly installed system and will configure | |
314 | it. Adjust these according to your own setup. | |
315 | ||
316 | #+begin_src bash | |
317 | arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash | |
318 | passwd # set the root password | |
319 | echo myhostname > /etc/hostname # set the hostname | |
320 | ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Canada/Eastern /etc/localtime # time zone | |
321 | hwclock --systohc --utc # write system clock to hardware clock (UTC) | |
322 | useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash myuser # create myuser | |
323 | passwd myuser # set the password for myuser | |
324 | echo "myuser ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" >> /etc/sudoers.d/myuser | |
325 | # uncomment en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 and other needed locales in /etc/locale.gen | |
326 | locale-gen | |
327 | echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf | |
328 | export LANG=en_US.UTF-8 | |
329 | #+end_src | |
330 | ||
331 | Then adjust the initramfs hooks in =/etc/mkinitcpio.conf= and enable | |
332 | the =encrypt= and =lvm2= hooks, and make sure =keyboard= is available | |
333 | before =encrypt= so you can actually type in the LUKS password when | |
334 | booting. Your =HOOKS= line should look similar to this: | |
335 | ||
336 | #+begin_src | |
337 | HOOKS="base udev autodetect modconf block keyboard encrypt lvm2 filesystems fsck" | |
338 | #+end_src | |
339 | ||
340 | After adjusting the hooks, build the initramfs: | |
341 | ||
342 | #+begin_src bash | |
343 | mkinitcpio -p linux | |
344 | #+end_src | |
345 | ||
346 | Now, install the =intel-ucode= package. We'll configure the bootloader | |
347 | to enable intel microcode updates. | |
348 | ||
349 | #+begin_src bash | |
350 | pacman -S intel-ucode | |
351 | #+end_src | |
352 | ||
353 | Create the =/boot/loader/loader.conf= with the following content | |
354 | (adjust the timeout to your liking): | |
355 | ||
356 | #+begin_src | |
357 | default arch | |
358 | timeout 3 | |
359 | #+end_src | |
360 | ||
361 | Then create the entry for Arch: | |
362 | ||
363 | #+begin_src bash | |
364 | mkdir -p /boot/loader/entries | |
365 | touch /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf | |
366 | #+end_src | |
367 | ||
368 | Now edit =/boot/loader/entries/arch.conf= to specify the Arch entry: | |
369 | ||
370 | #+begin_src | |
371 | title Arch GNU/Linux | |
372 | linux /vmlinuz-linux | |
373 | initrd /intel-ucode.img | |
374 | initrd /initramfs-linux.img | |
375 | options cryptdevice=/dev/sdaX:vg:allow-discards root=/dev/mapper/vg-root rw | |
376 | #+end_src | |
377 | ||
378 | Again, =/dev/sdaX= is the partition you created in the [[#partitioning][partitioning]] | |
379 | step as the underlying encrypted partition. | |
380 | ||
381 | Finally, install the bootloader, exit the chroot, umount and reboot! | |
382 | ||
383 | #+begin_src bash | |
384 | bootctl install | |
385 | exit | |
386 | umount -R /mnt | |
387 | reboot | |
388 | #+end_src | |
389 | ||
390 | *** Post-installation recommendations | |
391 | ||
392 | Congratulations! You now have a minimal Arch installation. | |
393 | ||
394 | At this point, I usually install my favorite AUR helper, [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/pacaur/][pacaur]], then | |
395 | I install the [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/broadcom-wl-dkms/][broadcom-wl-dkms]] wireless driver and [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/mba6x_bl-dkms/][mba6x_bl-dkms]] | |
396 | backlight driver to fix the post suspend/resume issue where three's no | |
397 | brightness after waking up from suspend, and the only available | |
398 | brightness would be 100%. | |
399 | ||
400 | #+begin_src bash | |
401 | pacaur -S linux-headers dkms # linux-headers is required for dkms | |
402 | pacaur -S broadcom-wl-dkms | |
403 | pacaur -S mba6x_bl-dkms | |
404 | #+end_src | |
405 | ||
406 | Then, I'd like to install | |
407 | ||
408 | - input, graphics, and sound drivers, | |
409 | - a desktop environment (I prefer Xfce or LXQt), | |
410 | - a display manager for login screen (lightdm or sddm), and | |
411 | - a network manager (NetworkManager or ConnMan). | |
412 | ||
413 | Check out the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/General_recommendations][General recommendations]] for more details. | |
414 | ||
415 | *** References | |
416 | ||
417 | Here are some resources I've come across each with lots of useful bits | |
418 | and pieces, about installing Arch on a MacBook: | |
419 | ||
420 | - [[https://github.com/pandeiro/arch-on-air][pandeiro/arch-on-air]] | |
421 | - [[https://loicpefferkorn.net/2015/01/arch-linux-on-macbook-pro-retina-2014-with-dm-crypt-lvm-and-suspend-to-disk/][Arch Linux on MacBook Pro Retina 2014 with DM-Crypt, LVM and suspend to disk]] | |
422 | - [[http://frankshin.com/installing-archlinux-on-macbook-air-2013/][Installing Archlinux on Macbook Air 2013]] | |
423 | - [[http://panks.me/posts/2013/06/arch-linux-installation-with-os-x-on-macbook-air-dual-boot/][Arch Linux Installation with OS X on Macbook Air (Dual Boot)]] | |
424 | - [[https://visual-assault.org/2016/03/05/install-encrypted-arch-linux-on-apple-macbook-pro/][Installing (encrypted) Arch Linux on an Apple MacBook Pro]] | |
425 | - [[http://alexeyzabelin.com/arch-on-mac][Installing Arch Linux on a MacBook Air 2013]] | |
426 | - [[https://medium.com/phils-thought-bubble-of-recent-stuff/arch-linux-running-on-my-macbook-2ea525ebefe3][Arch Linux running on my MacBook]] | |
427 | - [[http://codylittlewood.com/arch-linux-on-macbook-pro-installation/][Dual boot Arch Linux on MacBook Pro Installation]] | |
428 | ||
caf3b78c AB |
429 | |
430 | * COMMENT Local Variables :ARCHIVE: | |
431 | # Local Variables: | |
bdec7790 AB |
432 | # org-hugo-footer: "\n\n[//]: # \"Exported with love from a post written in Org mode\"\n[//]: # \"- https://ox-hugo.scripter.co\"" |
433 | # org-hugo-auto-export-on-save: t | |
caf3b78c | 434 | # End: |