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<h1>Master of Mathematics</h1>

<p>I graduated from the University of Waterloo with the degree of
Master of Mathematics in Computer Science in Spring 2020.  My research
at the <a href="//watform.uwaterloo.ca">Waterloo Formal Methods</a>
group focused on formal logic, model checking, and verification; under
supervision of
<a href="//cs.uwaterloo.ca/~nday/">Dr.&nbspNancy&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Day</a>.</p>

<h2>A Comprehensive Study of Declarative Modelling Languages</h2>

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<h3 id="thesis">Thesis</h3>

<p>Reference version:
<a href="//p.bndl.org/bandali-mmath-thesis.pdf">pdf</a> |
bib (coming soon)<br/>
LaTeX sources:
zip | tar.gz (coming soon)</p>

<h4 class="center-text">Abstract</h4>
<blockquote id="abstract">
<p>Declarative behavioural modelling is a powerful modelling paradigm
that enables users to model system functionality abstractly and
formally.  An abstract model is a concise and compact representation
of key characteristics of a system, and enables the stakeholders to
reason about the correctness of the system in the early stages of
development.</p>

<p>There are many different declarative languages and they have
greatly varying constructs for representing a transition system, and
they sometimes differ in rather subtle ways.  In this thesis, we
compare seven formal declarative modelling languages B, Event-B,
Alloy, Dash, TLA<sup>+</sup>, PlusCal, and AsmetaL on several
criteria.  We classify these criteria under three main categories:
structuring transition systems (control modelling), data descriptions
in transition systems (data modelling), and modularity aspects of
modelling.  We developed this comparison by completing a set of case
studies across the data- vs. control-oriented spectrum in all of the
above languages.</p>

<p>Structurally, a transition system is comprised of a snapshot
declaration and snapshot space, initialization, and a transition
relation, which is potentially composed of individual transitions.  We
meticulously outline the differences between the languages with
respect to how the modeller would express each of the above components
of a transition system in each language, and include discussions
regarding stuttering and inconsistencies in the transition relation.
Data-related aspects of a formal model include use of basic and
composite datatypes, well-formedness and typechecking, and separation
of name spaces with respect to global and local variables.  Modularity
criteria includes subtransition systems and data decomposition.  We
employ a series of small and concise exemplars we have devised to
highlight these differences in each language.  To help modellers
answer the important question of which declarative modelling language
may be most suited for modelling their system, we present
recommendations based on our observations about the differentiating
characteristics of each of these languages.</p>
</blockquote>

<h3 id="presentation">Presentation</h3>

<p>Reference version:
pdf (coming soon)<br/>
LaTeX sources:
zip | tar.gz (coming soon)</p>

<p>This is the presentation I delivered to my supervisor and the
second readers of my thesis on Jun 30, 2020, as
<a href="//cs.uwaterloo.ca/events/masters-thesis-presentation-formal-methods-comprehensive-study-declarative-modelling-languages">announced</a>
on the Cheriton School of Computer Science website.</p>

<h3 id="models">Models</h3>

<p>Reference version:
zip | tar.gz (coming soon)</p>
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