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1The LaTeX Project Public License
2=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
3
4LPPL Version 1.3c 2008-05-04
5
6Copyright 1999 2002-2008 LaTeX3 Project
7 Everyone is allowed to distribute verbatim copies of this
8 license document, but modification of it is not allowed.
9
10
11PREAMBLE
12========
13
14The LaTeX Project Public License (LPPL) is the primary license under
15which the LaTeX kernel and the base LaTeX packages are distributed.
16
17You may use this license for any work of which you hold the copyright
18and which you wish to distribute. This license may be particularly
19suitable if your work is TeX-related (such as a LaTeX package), but
20it is written in such a way that you can use it even if your work is
21unrelated to TeX.
22
23The section `WHETHER AND HOW TO DISTRIBUTE WORKS UNDER THIS LICENSE',
24below, gives instructions, examples, and recommendations for authors
25who are considering distributing their works under this license.
26
27This license gives conditions under which a work may be distributed
28and modified, as well as conditions under which modified versions of
29that work may be distributed.
30
31We, the LaTeX3 Project, believe that the conditions below give you
32the freedom to make and distribute modified versions of your work
33that conform with whatever technical specifications you wish while
34maintaining the availability, integrity, and reliability of
35that work. If you do not see how to achieve your goal while
36meeting these conditions, then read the document `cfgguide.tex'
37and `modguide.tex' in the base LaTeX distribution for suggestions.
38
39
40DEFINITIONS
41===========
42
43In this license document the following terms are used:
44
45 `Work'
46 Any work being distributed under this License.
47
48 `Derived Work'
49 Any work that under any applicable law is derived from the Work.
50
51 `Modification'
52 Any procedure that produces a Derived Work under any applicable
53 law -- for example, the production of a file containing an
54 original file associated with the Work or a significant portion of
55 such a file, either verbatim or with modifications and/or
56 translated into another language.
57
58 `Modify'
59 To apply any procedure that produces a Derived Work under any
60 applicable law.
61
62 `Distribution'
63 Making copies of the Work available from one person to another, in
64 whole or in part. Distribution includes (but is not limited to)
65 making any electronic components of the Work accessible by
66 file transfer protocols such as FTP or HTTP or by shared file
67 systems such as Sun's Network File System (NFS).
68
69 `Compiled Work'
70 A version of the Work that has been processed into a form where it
71 is directly usable on a computer system. This processing may
72 include using installation facilities provided by the Work,
73 transformations of the Work, copying of components of the Work, or
74 other activities. Note that modification of any installation
75 facilities provided by the Work constitutes modification of the Work.
76
77 `Current Maintainer'
78 A person or persons nominated as such within the Work. If there is
79 no such explicit nomination then it is the `Copyright Holder' under
80 any applicable law.
81
82 `Base Interpreter'
83 A program or process that is normally needed for running or
84 interpreting a part or the whole of the Work.
85
86 A Base Interpreter may depend on external components but these
87 are not considered part of the Base Interpreter provided that each
88 external component clearly identifies itself whenever it is used
89 interactively. Unless explicitly specified when applying the
90 license to the Work, the only applicable Base Interpreter is a
91 `LaTeX-Format' or in the case of files belonging to the
92 `LaTeX-format' a program implementing the `TeX language'.
93
94
95
96CONDITIONS ON DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
97===========================================
98
991. Activities other than distribution and/or modification of the Work
100are not covered by this license; they are outside its scope. In
101particular, the act of running the Work is not restricted and no
102requirements are made concerning any offers of support for the Work.
103
1042. You may distribute a complete, unmodified copy of the Work as you
105received it. Distribution of only part of the Work is considered
106modification of the Work, and no right to distribute such a Derived
107Work may be assumed under the terms of this clause.
108
1093. You may distribute a Compiled Work that has been generated from a
110complete, unmodified copy of the Work as distributed under Clause 2
111above, as long as that Compiled Work is distributed in such a way that
112the recipients may install the Compiled Work on their system exactly
113as it would have been installed if they generated a Compiled Work
114directly from the Work.
115
1164. If you are the Current Maintainer of the Work, you may, without
117restriction, modify the Work, thus creating a Derived Work. You may
118also distribute the Derived Work without restriction, including
119Compiled Works generated from the Derived Work. Derived Works
120distributed in this manner by the Current Maintainer are considered to
121be updated versions of the Work.
122
1235. If you are not the Current Maintainer of the Work, you may modify
124your copy of the Work, thus creating a Derived Work based on the Work,
125and compile this Derived Work, thus creating a Compiled Work based on
126the Derived Work.
127
1286. If you are not the Current Maintainer of the Work, you may
129distribute a Derived Work provided the following conditions are met
130for every component of the Work unless that component clearly states
131in the copyright notice that it is exempt from that condition. Only
132the Current Maintainer is allowed to add such statements of exemption
133to a component of the Work.
134
135 a. If a component of this Derived Work can be a direct replacement
136 for a component of the Work when that component is used with the
137 Base Interpreter, then, wherever this component of the Work
138 identifies itself to the user when used interactively with that
139 Base Interpreter, the replacement component of this Derived Work
140 clearly and unambiguously identifies itself as a modified version
141 of this component to the user when used interactively with that
142 Base Interpreter.
143
144 b. Every component of the Derived Work contains prominent notices
145 detailing the nature of the changes to that component, or a
146 prominent reference to another file that is distributed as part
147 of the Derived Work and that contains a complete and accurate log
148 of the changes.
149
150 c. No information in the Derived Work implies that any persons,
151 including (but not limited to) the authors of the original version
152 of the Work, provide any support, including (but not limited to)
153 the reporting and handling of errors, to recipients of the
154 Derived Work unless those persons have stated explicitly that
155 they do provide such support for the Derived Work.
156
157 d. You distribute at least one of the following with the Derived Work:
158
159 1. A complete, unmodified copy of the Work;
160 if your distribution of a modified component is made by
161 offering access to copy the modified component from a
162 designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy
163 the Work from the same or some similar place meets this
164 condition, even though third parties are not compelled to
165 copy the Work along with the modified component;
166
167 2. Information that is sufficient to obtain a complete,
168 unmodified copy of the Work.
169
1707. If you are not the Current Maintainer of the Work, you may
171distribute a Compiled Work generated from a Derived Work, as long as
172the Derived Work is distributed to all recipients of the Compiled
173Work, and as long as the conditions of Clause 6, above, are met with
174regard to the Derived Work.
175
1768. The conditions above are not intended to prohibit, and hence do not
177apply to, the modification, by any method, of any component so that it
178becomes identical to an updated version of that component of the Work as
179it is distributed by the Current Maintainer under Clause 4, above.
180
1819. Distribution of the Work or any Derived Work in an alternative
182format, where the Work or that Derived Work (in whole or in part) is
183then produced by applying some process to that format, does not relax or
184nullify any sections of this license as they pertain to the results of
185applying that process.
186
18710. a. A Derived Work may be distributed under a different license
188 provided that license itself honors the conditions listed in
189 Clause 6 above, in regard to the Work, though it does not have
190 to honor the rest of the conditions in this license.
191
192 b. If a Derived Work is distributed under a different license, that
193 Derived Work must provide sufficient documentation as part of
194 itself to allow each recipient of that Derived Work to honor the
195 restrictions in Clause 6 above, concerning changes from the Work.
196
19711. This license places no restrictions on works that are unrelated to
198the Work, nor does this license place any restrictions on aggregating
199such works with the Work by any means.
200
20112. Nothing in this license is intended to, or may be used to, prevent
202complete compliance by all parties with all applicable laws.
203
204
205NO WARRANTY
206===========
207
208There is no warranty for the Work. Except when otherwise stated in
209writing, the Copyright Holder provides the Work `as is', without
210warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not
211limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
212particular purpose. The entire risk as to the quality and performance
213of the Work is with you. Should the Work prove defective, you assume
214the cost of all necessary servicing, repair, or correction.
215
216In no event unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing
217will The Copyright Holder, or any author named in the components of the
218Work, or any other party who may distribute and/or modify the Work as
219permitted above, be liable to you for damages, including any general,
220special, incidental or consequential damages arising out of any use of
221the Work or out of inability to use the Work (including, but not limited
222to, loss of data, data being rendered inaccurate, or losses sustained by
223anyone as a result of any failure of the Work to operate with any other
224programs), even if the Copyright Holder or said author or said other
225party has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
226
227
228MAINTENANCE OF THE WORK
229=======================
230
231The Work has the status `author-maintained' if the Copyright Holder
232explicitly and prominently states near the primary copyright notice in
233the Work that the Work can only be maintained by the Copyright Holder
234or simply that it is `author-maintained'.
235
236The Work has the status `maintained' if there is a Current Maintainer
237who has indicated in the Work that they are willing to receive error
238reports for the Work (for example, by supplying a valid e-mail
239address). It is not required for the Current Maintainer to acknowledge
240or act upon these error reports.
241
242The Work changes from status `maintained' to `unmaintained' if there
243is no Current Maintainer, or the person stated to be Current
244Maintainer of the work cannot be reached through the indicated means
245of communication for a period of six months, and there are no other
246significant signs of active maintenance.
247
248You can become the Current Maintainer of the Work by agreement with
249any existing Current Maintainer to take over this role.
250
251If the Work is unmaintained, you can become the Current Maintainer of
252the Work through the following steps:
253
254 1. Make a reasonable attempt to trace the Current Maintainer (and
255 the Copyright Holder, if the two differ) through the means of
256 an Internet or similar search.
257
258 2. If this search is successful, then enquire whether the Work
259 is still maintained.
260
261 a. If it is being maintained, then ask the Current Maintainer
262 to update their communication data within one month.
263
264 b. If the search is unsuccessful or no action to resume active
265 maintenance is taken by the Current Maintainer, then announce
266 within the pertinent community your intention to take over
267 maintenance. (If the Work is a LaTeX work, this could be
268 done, for example, by posting to comp.text.tex.)
269
270 3a. If the Current Maintainer is reachable and agrees to pass
271 maintenance of the Work to you, then this takes effect
272 immediately upon announcement.
273
274 b. If the Current Maintainer is not reachable and the Copyright
275 Holder agrees that maintenance of the Work be passed to you,
276 then this takes effect immediately upon announcement.
277
278 4. If you make an `intention announcement' as described in 2b. above
279 and after three months your intention is challenged neither by
280 the Current Maintainer nor by the Copyright Holder nor by other
281 people, then you may arrange for the Work to be changed so as
282 to name you as the (new) Current Maintainer.
283
284 5. If the previously unreachable Current Maintainer becomes
285 reachable once more within three months of a change completed
286 under the terms of 3b) or 4), then that Current Maintainer must
287 become or remain the Current Maintainer upon request provided
288 they then update their communication data within one month.
289
290A change in the Current Maintainer does not, of itself, alter the fact
291that the Work is distributed under the LPPL license.
292
293If you become the Current Maintainer of the Work, you should
294immediately provide, within the Work, a prominent and unambiguous
295statement of your status as Current Maintainer. You should also
296announce your new status to the same pertinent community as
297in 2b) above.
298
299
300WHETHER AND HOW TO DISTRIBUTE WORKS UNDER THIS LICENSE
301======================================================
302
303This section contains important instructions, examples, and
304recommendations for authors who are considering distributing their
305works under this license. These authors are addressed as `you' in
306this section.
307
308Choosing This License or Another License
309----------------------------------------
310
311If for any part of your work you want or need to use *distribution*
312conditions that differ significantly from those in this license, then
313do not refer to this license anywhere in your work but, instead,
314distribute your work under a different license. You may use the text
315of this license as a model for your own license, but your license
316should not refer to the LPPL or otherwise give the impression that
317your work is distributed under the LPPL.
318
319The document `modguide.tex' in the base LaTeX distribution explains
320the motivation behind the conditions of this license. It explains,
321for example, why distributing LaTeX under the GNU General Public
322License (GPL) was considered inappropriate. Even if your work is
323unrelated to LaTeX, the discussion in `modguide.tex' may still be
324relevant, and authors intending to distribute their works under any
325license are encouraged to read it.
326
327A Recommendation on Modification Without Distribution
328-----------------------------------------------------
329
330It is wise never to modify a component of the Work, even for your own
331personal use, without also meeting the above conditions for
332distributing the modified component. While you might intend that such
333modifications will never be distributed, often this will happen by
334accident -- you may forget that you have modified that component; or
335it may not occur to you when allowing others to access the modified
336version that you are thus distributing it and violating the conditions
337of this license in ways that could have legal implications and, worse,
338cause problems for the community. It is therefore usually in your
339best interest to keep your copy of the Work identical with the public
340one. Many works provide ways to control the behavior of that work
341without altering any of its licensed components.
342
343How to Use This License
344-----------------------
345
346To use this license, place in each of the components of your work both
347an explicit copyright notice including your name and the year the work
348was authored and/or last substantially modified. Include also a
349statement that the distribution and/or modification of that
350component is constrained by the conditions in this license.
351
352Here is an example of such a notice and statement:
353
354 %% pig.dtx
355 %% Copyright 2005 M. Y. Name
356 %
357 % This work may be distributed and/or modified under the
358 % conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3
359 % of this license or (at your option) any later version.
360 % The latest version of this license is in
361 % http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
362 % and version 1.3 or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX
363 % version 2005/12/01 or later.
364 %
365 % This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
366 %
367 % The Current Maintainer of this work is M. Y. Name.
368 %
369 % This work consists of the files pig.dtx and pig.ins
370 % and the derived file pig.sty.
371
372Given such a notice and statement in a file, the conditions
373given in this license document would apply, with the `Work' referring
374to the three files `pig.dtx', `pig.ins', and `pig.sty' (the last being
375generated from `pig.dtx' using `pig.ins'), the `Base Interpreter'
376referring to any `LaTeX-Format', and both `Copyright Holder' and
377`Current Maintainer' referring to the person `M. Y. Name'.
378
379If you do not want the Maintenance section of LPPL to apply to your
380Work, change `maintained' above into `author-maintained'.
381However, we recommend that you use `maintained', as the Maintenance
382section was added in order to ensure that your Work remains useful to
383the community even when you can no longer maintain and support it
384yourself.
385
386Derived Works That Are Not Replacements
387---------------------------------------
388
389Several clauses of the LPPL specify means to provide reliability and
390stability for the user community. They therefore concern themselves
391with the case that a Derived Work is intended to be used as a
392(compatible or incompatible) replacement of the original Work. If
393this is not the case (e.g., if a few lines of code are reused for a
394completely different task), then clauses 6b and 6d shall not apply.
395
396
397Important Recommendations
398-------------------------
399
400 Defining What Constitutes the Work
401
402 The LPPL requires that distributions of the Work contain all the
403 files of the Work. It is therefore important that you provide a
404 way for the licensee to determine which files constitute the Work.
405 This could, for example, be achieved by explicitly listing all the
406 files of the Work near the copyright notice of each file or by
407 using a line such as:
408
409 % This work consists of all files listed in manifest.txt.
410
411 in that place. In the absence of an unequivocal list it might be
412 impossible for the licensee to determine what is considered by you
413 to comprise the Work and, in such a case, the licensee would be
414 entitled to make reasonable conjectures as to which files comprise
415 the Work.
416