hopefully resolve build failures
[~bandali/bndl.org] / content-org / aminb.org
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1#+title: sources of aminb.org's pages and posts
2
3#+hugo_base_dir: ..
4#+seq_todo: TODO DRAFT DONE
5#+property: header-args :eval never-export
6#+options: author:nil
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8#+macro: abbr @@html:<abbr>$1</abbr>@@
9#+macro: span @@html:<span class="$1">$2</span>@@
10
11* Pages
12:PROPERTIES:
13:EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: /
14:END:
15
16** Home
17:PROPERTIES:
18:EXPORT_FILE_NAME: _index
19:END:
20
21I'm a [[/uw][graduate student]] in the [[https://watform.uwaterloo.ca][WatForm]] group at University of Waterloo,
22supervised by [[https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~nday/][Dr. Nancy Day]]. I'm interested in using formal methods,
23especially type systems, to help make software more reliable.
24
25** CV
26:PROPERTIES:
27:EXPORT_FILE_NAME: cv
28:EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 10
29:END:
30
31My academic {{{abbr(CV)}}} is available as [[/cv.pdf][cv.pdf]],
32and an outdated professional resume is available as [[/resume.pdf][resume.pdf]] as
33well.
34
35I'm interested in functional programming and functional languages,
36type systems, and formal methods in general. I love writing Haskell
37and I'm looking into Rust and Lean as well. Feel free to [[/contact][drop me a
38line]] if you like to geek out about any of the above.
39
40** DONE Now
41CLOSED: [2018-09-04 Tue 10:53]
42:PROPERTIES:
43:EXPORT_FILE_NAME: now
44:EXPORT_HUGO_AUTO_SET_LASTMOD: t
45:EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 20
46:EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :customTitle "What I'm doing now"
47:END:
48
49This is my [[https://nownownow.com/about][now page]].
50
51I'm currently doing my third semester as a [[/uw][graduate student]] in the
52Waterloo Formal Methods group at University of Waterloo. I'm also
53TA'ing [[https://www.student.cs.uwaterloo.ca/~se212/][SE 212: Logic and Computation]], taught by my supervisor, Nancy.
54
55In my spare time, I write [[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.en.html][free software]] (projects page coming soon),
56and tend to various tasks as a GNU webmaster. I've also been picking
57up the guitar, after giving up on my longtime dream of being a
58pianist, at least for now.
59
60This update was on {{< lastmod >}}.
61
62** TODO Projects
63
64** DONE Contact
65CLOSED: [2018-09-03 Mon 20:44]
66:PROPERTIES:
67:EXPORT_FILE_NAME: contact
68:EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 40
69:EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :customTitle "Say hello!"
70:END:
71
72#+macro: xmpp @@html:<a href="xmpp:$1">$1</a>@@
73
74You can contact me via email or through my accounts on various online
75platforms.
76
77*** Contact info
78
79- [[mailto:amin@aminb.org][amin@aminb.org]], personal/general enquiries
80- [[mailto:bandali@gnu.org][bandali@gnu.org]], I'm a volunteer [[https://www.gnu.org/people/webmeisters.html#aminb][GNU webmaster]]
81- [[mailto:abandali@uwaterloo.ca][abandali@uwaterloo.ca]], I'm a [[/uw][grad student]] @ UW
82- gpg key: [[https://pgp.surfnet.nl/pks/lookup?op=vindex&fingerprint=on&search=0xD1FBA36627D65876][CDDE 75F9 0353 8E71 813C DA27 D1FB A366 27D6 5876]]
83- bandali on [[https://freenode.net][freenode]] and [[https://wiki.mozilla.org/IRC][moznet]] IRC
84- [[https://matrix.to/#/@bandali:matrix.org][@bandali:matrix.org]] on Matrix
85- {{{xmpp(aminb@member.fsf.org)}}} via XMPP
86- [[https://pleroma.site/users/aminb][aminb@pleroma.site]] on the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fediverse][fediverse]]
87
88*** Other online places
89
90- [[https://git.sr.ht/~aminb][~aminb]] on [[https://sr.ht][sr.ht]]
91- [[https://lobste.rs/u/bandali][bandali]] on Lobsters
92- [[https://gitlab.com/bandali][bandali]] on GitLab
93- [[https://keybase.io/bandali][bandali]] on Keybase
94- [[https://news.ycombinator.com/user?id=bandali][bandali]] on HN
95- [[https://www.reddit.com/u/bandali][bandali]] on Reddit (previously, [[https://www.reddit.com/u/aminb][aminb]])
96- +[[https://github.com/aminb][aminb]] on GitHub+
97- +[[https://twitter.com/aminban][aminban]] on Twitter+
98
99** Colophon
100:PROPERTIES:
101:EXPORT_FILE_NAME: colophon
102:END:
103
104#+macro: light @@html:<label class="light-off-button-inline" for="light-off"></label>@@
105#+macro: ccbysa @@html:<a rel="license" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International @@{{{ccbysa-img}}}@@html:</a>@@
106#+macro: ccbysa-img @@html:<img alt="Creative Commons Licence" style="border-width:0" src="//i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/80x15.png"/>@@
107
108This is my personal website, previous versions of which I've ran on
109different domains since 2012. The last version was generated using
110[[https://www.romanzolotarev.com/ssg.html][ssg]] (shout out to Roman Zolotarev), but I've since ported it to GNU
111Emacs + Org mode.
112
113The sources are available on https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org. The
114site is automatically generated on each =git push= using the
115[[https://builds.sr.ht][builds.sr.ht]] service (see the [[https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org/tree/.build.yml][=.build.yml=]] build manifest) and is
116deployed to my server, where it's served by [[https://www.nginx.com][Nginx]] on [[https://www.debian.org][Debian GNU/Linux]].
117
118*** Night mode
119
120To toggle night mode, click on {{{light}}}, which is always available
121on the top navigation menu. It saves its state in a browser cookie,
122other than that no JavaScript is required to use this website.
123
124*** Copyright and Licenses
125:PROPERTIES:
126:CUSTOM_ID: copyright
127:END:
128
129The source code for this site is licensed under version 3 (or, at your
130option, any later version) of the [[https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html][GNU General Public License]] (see the
131[[https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org/tree/COPYING][=COPYING=]] file). The contents of the website are licensed under a
132{{{ccbysa}}} license.
133
134*** i2p angel
135:PROPERTIES:
136:CUSTOM_ID: i2pangel
137:END:
138
139The favicons were derived from [[https://psychosoma.tech][nether]]'s beautiful [[https://psychosoma.tech/me/work/i2pangel.png][i2p angel]], a small
140version of which is displayed on the home page.
141
142** Search
143:PROPERTIES:
144:EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: /
145:EXPORT_FILE_NAME: search
146:EXPORT_HUGO_LAYOUT: search
147:EXPORT_HUGO_OUTPUTS: html json
148:EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :sitemap '((priority . 0.1))
149:END:
150Results from static site search implemented using /Fusejs/, /jquery/
151and /mark.js/. -- [[https://gist.github.com/eddiewebb/735feb48f50f0ddd65ae5606a1cb41ae][Source]]
152
153* Posts
154:PROPERTIES:
155:EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: post
156:EXPORT_HUGO_AUTO_SET_LASTMOD: t
157:END:
158
159** Arch GNU/Linux on MacBook Air 2013 :arch:macbook:
160:PROPERTIES:
161:EXPORT_FILE_NAME: arch-macbook-air
162:EXPORT_DATE: 2016-11-01
163:EXPORT_OPTIONS: ^:{}
164:EXPORT_HUGO_ALIASES: /2016/11/arch-macbook-air
165:EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :toc true
166:END:
167
168This post summarizes how I install and dual-boot Arch GNU/Linux with
169Full-Disk Encryption alongside macOS. It is not meant to be a
170replacement for the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/installation_guide][Installation Guide]] or the former [[https://csdietz.github.io/arch-beginner-guide/][Beginner's Guide]].
171Rather, it mostly serves as a small summary with a few useful notes
172about the gotchas.
173
174So, make sure you understand what you type into your terminal. If you
175don't, checking out the Arch wiki should probably be your first step.
176
177/Note:/ you will need internet access throughout the installation and
178the MacBook Air's WiFi doesn't work out of the box on Arch. I
179recommend using your phone's USB Tethering (if it does support it), or
180using an Ethernet-USB adapter.
181
182*** Shrinking the macOS partition
183
184The first step I take is resizing the HFS+ macOS partition to make
185room for the new {{{abbr(GNU/Linux)}}} installation. There are plenty
186of tutorials on how to do this using macOS's Disk Utility, so do that
187and then come back!
188
189*** Creating a bootable Arch Installer USB
190
191There are different ways of creating a bootable Arch USB, all
192documented on the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/USB_flash_installation_media][USB flash installation media]] page on the Arch wiki,
193but the simplest one is using =dd= if you already have access to
194another UNIX system.
195
196{{{span(red,Warning:)}}} make sure you backup the data on your flash
197drive, as =dd= will irrevocably destroy all data on it.
198
199Use =lsblk= to find the name (block device) of your USB drive, then
200run =dd= (as root) as shown below:
201
202#+begin_src bash
203dd bs=4M if=/path/to/archlinux.iso of=/dev/sdx status=progress && sync
204#+end_src
205
206Replace =/path/to/archlinux.iso= with the path to the Arch image you
207have downloaded, and =/dev/sdx= with your drive.
208
209*** Booting up from the USB
210
211After creating the install USB, reboot your laptop and hold the alt
212key and boot into the USB.
213
214When booting is complete and you're presented with the prompt, it's a
215good time to make sure you're connected to the internet (see the
216/note/ at the top of this post).
217
218Use =ping= to verify that you've established a connection:
219
220#+begin_src bash
221ping archlinux.org
222#+end_src
223
224*** Updating the system clock
225
226Once you're connected to the internet, make sure the system clock is
227accurate:
228
229#+begin_src bash
230timedatectl set-ntp true # start and enable systemd-timesyncd
231#+end_src
232
233You can check the service status using =timedatectl status=.
234
235*** Partitioning
236:PROPERTIES:
237:CUSTOM_ID: partitioning
238:END:
239
240I won't dive into partitioning and instead, I'll refer you to the
241[[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Partitioning][Partitioning]] page of Arch wiki. Of the available partitioning tools, I
242personally prefer =cfdisk=.
243
244*** Setting up LVM & LUKS
245
246I use a [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dm-crypt/Encrypting_an_entire_system#LVM_on_LUKS][LVM on LUKS]] setup, where I set up LVM on top of the encrypted
247partition.
248
249First, let's set up the underlying encrypted partition:
250
251#+begin_src bash
252cryptsetup -v --cipher aes-xts-plain64 --key-size 512 --hash sha512 \
253 --iter-time 5000 --use-urandom -y luksFormat /dev/sdaX
254#+end_src
255
256where =/dev/sdaX= is the partition you created in the last step
257(e.g. =/dev/sda4=). For more information about the =cryptsetup=
258options, see the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dm-crypt/Device_encryption#Encryption_options_for_LUKS_mode][LUKS encryption options]].
259
260Then we open the container:
261
262#+begin_src bash
263cryptsetup open --type luks /dev/sdaX lvm
264#+end_src
265
266Now it's time to use lvm and prepare the logical volume(s):
267
268#+begin_src bash
269pvcreate /dev/mapper/lvm
270vgcreate vg /dev/mapper/lvm
271lvcreate --extents +100%FREE -n root vg
272#+end_src
273
274This will create a physical volume on the mapping we just opened,
275create a volume group named =vg= on the physical volume, and create a
276logical volume named =root= that spans the entire volume group. More
277complex setups are possible thanks to the great flexibility of lvm.
278
279We now format the logical volume with =ext4=:
280
281#+begin_src bash
282mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg-root
283#+end_src
284
285*** Installing the base system
286
287Let's mount the logical volume, make a directory for the mount point
288of the boot partition, and mount the boot partition (=/dev/sda1=):
289
290#+begin_src bash
291mount /dev/mapper/vg-root /mnt
292mkdir /mnt/boot
293mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
294#+end_src
295
296Finally, let's install the base system (and optionally =base-devel=):
297
298#+begin_src bash
299pacstrap /mnt base base-devel
300#+end_src
301
302*** Configuring the system
303
304Let's generate the fstab:
305
306#+begin_src bash
307genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
308#+end_src
309
310Use your favorite terminal-based editor, edit the fstab file and add
311the =discard= option for the root partition to enable TRIM on the SSD.
312
313Now we change root into our newly installed system and will configure
314it. Adjust these according to your own setup.
315
316#+begin_src bash
317arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash
318passwd # set the root password
319echo myhostname > /etc/hostname # set the hostname
320ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Canada/Eastern /etc/localtime # time zone
321hwclock --systohc --utc # write system clock to hardware clock (UTC)
322useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash myuser # create myuser
323passwd myuser # set the password for myuser
324echo "myuser ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" >> /etc/sudoers.d/myuser
325# uncomment en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 and other needed locales in /etc/locale.gen
326locale-gen
327echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf
328export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
329#+end_src
330
331Then adjust the initramfs hooks in =/etc/mkinitcpio.conf= and enable
332the =encrypt= and =lvm2= hooks, and make sure =keyboard= is available
333before =encrypt= so you can actually type in the LUKS password when
334booting. Your =HOOKS= line should look similar to this:
335
336#+begin_src
337HOOKS="base udev autodetect modconf block keyboard encrypt lvm2 filesystems fsck"
338#+end_src
339
340After adjusting the hooks, build the initramfs:
341
342#+begin_src bash
343mkinitcpio -p linux
344#+end_src
345
346Now, install the =intel-ucode= package. We'll configure the bootloader
347to enable intel microcode updates.
348
349#+begin_src bash
350pacman -S intel-ucode
351#+end_src
352
353Create the =/boot/loader/loader.conf= with the following content
354(adjust the timeout to your liking):
355
356#+begin_src
357default arch
358timeout 3
359#+end_src
360
361Then create the entry for Arch:
362
363#+begin_src bash
364mkdir -p /boot/loader/entries
365touch /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf
366#+end_src
367
368Now edit =/boot/loader/entries/arch.conf= to specify the Arch entry:
369
370#+begin_src
371title Arch GNU/Linux
372linux /vmlinuz-linux
373initrd /intel-ucode.img
374initrd /initramfs-linux.img
375options cryptdevice=/dev/sdaX:vg:allow-discards root=/dev/mapper/vg-root rw
376#+end_src
377
378Again, =/dev/sdaX= is the partition you created in the [[#partitioning][partitioning]]
379step as the underlying encrypted partition.
380
381Finally, install the bootloader, exit the chroot, umount and reboot!
382
383#+begin_src bash
384bootctl install
385exit
386umount -R /mnt
387reboot
388#+end_src
389
390*** Post-installation recommendations
391
392Congratulations! You now have a minimal Arch installation.
393
394At this point, I usually install my favorite AUR helper, [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/pacaur/][pacaur]], then
395I install the [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/broadcom-wl-dkms/][broadcom-wl-dkms]] wireless driver and [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/mba6x_bl-dkms/][mba6x_bl-dkms]]
396backlight driver to fix the post suspend/resume issue where three's no
397brightness after waking up from suspend, and the only available
398brightness would be 100%.
399
400#+begin_src bash
401pacaur -S linux-headers dkms # linux-headers is required for dkms
402pacaur -S broadcom-wl-dkms
403pacaur -S mba6x_bl-dkms
404#+end_src
405
406Then, I'd like to install
407
408- input, graphics, and sound drivers,
409- a desktop environment (I prefer Xfce or LXQt),
410- a display manager for login screen (lightdm or sddm), and
411- a network manager (NetworkManager or ConnMan).
412
413Check out the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/General_recommendations][General recommendations]] for more details.
414
415*** References
416
417Here are some resources I've come across each with lots of useful bits
418and pieces, about installing Arch on a MacBook:
419
420- [[https://github.com/pandeiro/arch-on-air][pandeiro/arch-on-air]]
421- [[https://loicpefferkorn.net/2015/01/arch-linux-on-macbook-pro-retina-2014-with-dm-crypt-lvm-and-suspend-to-disk/][Arch Linux on MacBook Pro Retina 2014 with DM-Crypt, LVM and suspend to disk]]
422- [[http://frankshin.com/installing-archlinux-on-macbook-air-2013/][Installing Archlinux on Macbook Air 2013]]
423- [[http://panks.me/posts/2013/06/arch-linux-installation-with-os-x-on-macbook-air-dual-boot/][Arch Linux Installation with OS X on Macbook Air (Dual Boot)]]
424- [[https://visual-assault.org/2016/03/05/install-encrypted-arch-linux-on-apple-macbook-pro/][Installing (encrypted) Arch Linux on an Apple MacBook Pro]]
425- [[http://alexeyzabelin.com/arch-on-mac][Installing Arch Linux on a MacBook Air 2013]]
426- [[https://medium.com/phils-thought-bubble-of-recent-stuff/arch-linux-running-on-my-macbook-2ea525ebefe3][Arch Linux running on my MacBook]]
427- [[http://codylittlewood.com/arch-linux-on-macbook-pro-installation/][Dual boot Arch Linux on MacBook Pro Installation]]
428
429
430* COMMENT Local Variables :ARCHIVE:
431# Local Variables:
432# org-hugo-footer: "\n\n[//]: # \"Exported with love from a post written in Org mode\"\n[//]: # \"- https://ox-hugo.scripter.co\""
433# org-hugo-auto-export-on-save: t
434# End: