06b8a4f6508c5e3e2c13504b03d96bf70083ab74
[~bandali/bndl.org] / content-org / aminb.org
1 #+title: sources of aminb.org's pages and posts
2
3 #+hugo_base_dir: ..
4 #+seq_todo: TODO DRAFT DONE
5 #+property: header-args :eval never-export
6 #+options: author:nil
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8 #+macro: abbr @@html:<abbr>$1</abbr>@@
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10
11 * Pages
12 :PROPERTIES:
13 :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: /
14 :END:
15
16 ** Home
17 :PROPERTIES:
18 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: _index
19 :END:
20
21 I'm a [[/uw][graduate student]] in the [[https://watform.uwaterloo.ca][WatForm]] group at University of Waterloo,
22 supervised by [[https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~nday/][Dr. Nancy Day]]. I'm interested in using formal methods,
23 especially type systems, to help make software more reliable.
24
25 ** CV
26 :PROPERTIES:
27 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: cv
28 :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 10
29 :END:
30
31 My academic {{{abbr(CV)}}} is available as [[/cv.pdf][cv.pdf]],
32 and an outdated professional resume is available as [[/resume.pdf][resume.pdf]] as
33 well.
34
35 I'm interested in functional programming and functional languages,
36 type systems, and formal methods in general. I love writing Haskell
37 and I'm looking into Rust and Lean as well. Feel free to [[/contact][drop me a
38 line]] if you like to geek out about any of the above.
39
40 ** DONE Now
41 CLOSED: [2018-09-04 Tue 10:53]
42 :PROPERTIES:
43 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: now
44 :EXPORT_HUGO_AUTO_SET_LASTMOD: t
45 :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 20
46 :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :customTitle "What I'm doing now"
47 :END:
48
49 This is my [[https://nownownow.com/about][now page]].
50
51 I'm currently doing my third semester as a [[/uw][graduate student]] in the
52 Waterloo Formal Methods group at University of Waterloo. I'm also
53 TA'ing [[https://www.student.cs.uwaterloo.ca/~se212/][SE 212: Logic and Computation]], taught by my supervisor, Nancy.
54
55 In my spare time, I write [[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.en.html][free software]] (projects page coming soon),
56 and tend to various tasks as a GNU webmaster. I've also been picking
57 up the guitar, after giving up on my longtime dream of being a
58 pianist, at least for now.
59
60 This update was on {{< lastmod >}}.
61
62 ** TODO Projects
63
64 ** DONE Contact
65 CLOSED: [2018-09-03 Mon 20:44]
66 :PROPERTIES:
67 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: contact
68 :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 40
69 :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :customTitle "Say hello!"
70 :END:
71
72 #+macro: xmpp @@html:<a href="xmpp:$1">$1</a>@@
73
74 You can contact me via email or through my accounts on various online
75 platforms.
76
77 *** Primary
78
79 Email is my preferred method of communication.
80
81 - [[mailto:amin@aminb.org][amin@aminb.org]], personal or general inquiries
82 - [[mailto:bandali@gnu.org][bandali@gnu.org]], GNU- or free software-related
83 - [[mailto:abandali@uwaterloo.ca][abandali@uwaterloo.ca]], academic or UW-related
84 - gpg key: [[https://pgp.surfnet.nl/pks/lookup?op=vindex&fingerprint=on&search=0xD1FBA36627D65876][CDDE 75F9 0353 8E71 813C DA27 D1FB A366 27D6 5876]]
85
86 *** Secondary
87
88 - irc: bandali on [[https://freenode.net][freenode]] and [[https://wiki.mozilla.org/IRC][moznet]]
89 - fediverse: [[https://pleroma.site/users/aminb][aminb@pleroma.site]]
90 - xmpp: {{{xmpp(aminb@member.fsf.org)}}}
91 - matrix: [[https://matrix.to/#/@aminb:matrix.org][@aminb:matrix.org]]
92
93 *** Other online places
94
95 - [[https://git.sr.ht/~aminb][~aminb]] on [[https://sr.ht][sr.ht]]
96 - [[https://lobste.rs/u/bandali][bandali]] on Lobsters
97 - [[https://gitlab.com/bandali][bandali]] on GitLab
98 - [[https://keybase.io/bandali][bandali]] on Keybase
99 - [[https://news.ycombinator.com/user?id=bandali][bandali]] on HN
100 - [[https://www.reddit.com/u/bandali][bandali]] on Reddit
101
102 *** Dormant accounts
103
104 These are accounts I don't use anymore, unless absolutely necessary.
105
106 - [[https://functional.cafe/@a][a]] on functional.cafe
107 - [[https://mastodon.social/@aminb][aminb]] on mastodon.social
108 - [[https://github.com/aminb][aminb]] on GitHub
109 - [[https://www.reddit.com/u/aminb][aminb]] on Reddit
110 - [[https://twitter.com/aminban][aminban]] on Twitter
111
112 ** Colophon
113 :PROPERTIES:
114 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: colophon
115 :END:
116
117 #+macro: light @@html:<label class="light-off-button-inline" for="light-off"></label>@@
118 #+macro: ccbysa @@html:<a rel="license" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International @@{{{ccbysa-img}}}@@html:</a>@@
119 #+macro: ccbysa-img @@html:<img alt="Creative Commons Licence" style="border-width:0" src="//i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/80x15.png"/>@@
120
121 This is my personal website, previous versions of which I've ran on
122 different domains since 2012. The last version was generated using
123 [[https://www.romanzolotarev.com/ssg.html][ssg]] (shout out to Roman Zolotarev), but I've since ported it to GNU
124 Emacs + Org mode.
125
126 The sources are available on https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org. The
127 site is automatically generated on each =git push= using the
128 [[https://builds.sr.ht][builds.sr.ht]] service (see the [[https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org/tree/.build.yml][=.build.yml=]] build manifest) and is
129 deployed to my server, where it's served by [[https://www.nginx.com][Nginx]] on [[https://www.debian.org][Debian GNU/Linux]].
130
131 *** Night mode
132
133 To toggle night mode, click on {{{light}}}, which is always available
134 on the top navigation menu. It saves its state in a browser cookie,
135 other than that no JavaScript is required to use this website.
136
137 *** Copyright and Licenses
138 :PROPERTIES:
139 :CUSTOM_ID: copyright
140 :END:
141
142 The source code for this site is licensed under version 3 (or, at your
143 option, any later version) of the [[https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html][GNU General Public License]] (see the
144 [[https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org/tree/COPYING][=COPYING=]] file). The contents of the website are licensed under a
145 {{{ccbysa}}} license.
146
147 *** i2p angel
148 :PROPERTIES:
149 :CUSTOM_ID: i2pangel
150 :END:
151
152 The favicons were derived from [[https://psychosoma.tech][nether]]'s beautiful [[https://psychosoma.tech/me/work/i2pangel.png][i2p angel]], a small
153 version of which is displayed on the home page.
154
155 ** Search
156 :PROPERTIES:
157 :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: /
158 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: search
159 :EXPORT_HUGO_LAYOUT: search
160 :EXPORT_HUGO_OUTPUTS: html json
161 :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :sitemap '((priority . 0.1))
162 :END:
163 Results from static site search implemented using /Fusejs/, /jquery/
164 and /mark.js/. -- [[https://gist.github.com/eddiewebb/735feb48f50f0ddd65ae5606a1cb41ae][Source]]
165
166 * Posts
167 :PROPERTIES:
168 :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: post
169 :EXPORT_HUGO_AUTO_SET_LASTMOD: t
170 :END:
171
172 ** Arch GNU/Linux on MacBook Air 2013 :arch:macbook:
173 :PROPERTIES:
174 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: arch-macbook-air
175 :EXPORT_DATE: 2016-11-01
176 :EXPORT_OPTIONS: ^:{}
177 :EXPORT_HUGO_ALIASES: /2016/11/arch-macbook-air
178 :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :toc true
179 :END:
180
181 This post summarizes how I install and dual-boot Arch GNU/Linux with
182 Full-Disk Encryption alongside macOS. It is not meant to be a
183 replacement for the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/installation_guide][Installation Guide]] or the former [[https://csdietz.github.io/arch-beginner-guide/][Beginner's Guide]].
184 Rather, it mostly serves as a small summary with a few useful notes
185 about the gotchas.
186
187 So, make sure you understand what you type into your terminal. If you
188 don't, checking out the Arch wiki should probably be your first step.
189
190 /Note:/ you will need internet access throughout the installation and
191 the MacBook Air's WiFi doesn't work out of the box on Arch. I
192 recommend using your phone's USB Tethering (if it does support it), or
193 using an Ethernet-USB adapter.
194
195 *** Shrinking the macOS partition
196
197 The first step I take is resizing the HFS+ macOS partition to make
198 room for the new {{{abbr(GNU/Linux)}}} installation. There are plenty
199 of tutorials on how to do this using macOS's Disk Utility, so do that
200 and then come back!
201
202 *** Creating a bootable Arch Installer USB
203
204 There are different ways of creating a bootable Arch USB, all
205 documented on the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/USB_flash_installation_media][USB flash installation media]] page on the Arch wiki,
206 but the simplest one is using =dd= if you already have access to
207 another UNIX system.
208
209 {{{span(red,Warning:)}}} make sure you backup the data on your flash
210 drive, as =dd= will irrevocably destroy all data on it.
211
212 Use =lsblk= to find the name (block device) of your USB drive, then
213 run =dd= (as root) as shown below:
214
215 #+begin_src bash
216 dd bs=4M if=/path/to/archlinux.iso of=/dev/sdx status=progress && sync
217 #+end_src
218
219 Replace =/path/to/archlinux.iso= with the path to the Arch image you
220 have downloaded, and =/dev/sdx= with your drive.
221
222 *** Booting up from the USB
223
224 After creating the install USB, reboot your laptop and hold the alt
225 key and boot into the USB.
226
227 When booting is complete and you're presented with the prompt, it's a
228 good time to make sure you're connected to the internet (see the
229 /note/ at the top of this post).
230
231 Use =ping= to verify that you've established a connection:
232
233 #+begin_src bash
234 ping archlinux.org
235 #+end_src
236
237 *** Updating the system clock
238
239 Once you're connected to the internet, make sure the system clock is
240 accurate:
241
242 #+begin_src bash
243 timedatectl set-ntp true # start and enable systemd-timesyncd
244 #+end_src
245
246 You can check the service status using =timedatectl status=.
247
248 *** Partitioning
249 :PROPERTIES:
250 :CUSTOM_ID: partitioning
251 :END:
252
253 I won't dive into partitioning and instead, I'll refer you to the
254 [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Partitioning][Partitioning]] page of Arch wiki. Of the available partitioning tools, I
255 personally prefer =cfdisk=.
256
257 *** Setting up LVM & LUKS
258
259 I use a [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dm-crypt/Encrypting_an_entire_system#LVM_on_LUKS][LVM on LUKS]] setup, where I set up LVM on top of the encrypted
260 partition.
261
262 First, let's set up the underlying encrypted partition:
263
264 #+begin_src bash
265 cryptsetup -v --cipher aes-xts-plain64 --key-size 512 --hash sha512 \
266 --iter-time 5000 --use-urandom -y luksFormat /dev/sdaX
267 #+end_src
268
269 where =/dev/sdaX= is the partition you created in the last step
270 (e.g. =/dev/sda4=). For more information about the =cryptsetup=
271 options, see the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dm-crypt/Device_encryption#Encryption_options_for_LUKS_mode][LUKS encryption options]].
272
273 Then we open the container:
274
275 #+begin_src bash
276 cryptsetup open --type luks /dev/sdaX lvm
277 #+end_src
278
279 Now it's time to use lvm and prepare the logical volume(s):
280
281 #+begin_src bash
282 pvcreate /dev/mapper/lvm
283 vgcreate vg /dev/mapper/lvm
284 lvcreate --extents +100%FREE -n root vg
285 #+end_src
286
287 This will create a physical volume on the mapping we just opened,
288 create a volume group named =vg= on the physical volume, and create a
289 logical volume named =root= that spans the entire volume group. More
290 complex setups are possible thanks to the great flexibility of lvm.
291
292 We now format the logical volume with =ext4=:
293
294 #+begin_src bash
295 mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg-root
296 #+end_src
297
298 *** Installing the base system
299
300 Let's mount the logical volume, make a directory for the mount point
301 of the boot partition, and mount the boot partition (=/dev/sda1=):
302
303 #+begin_src bash
304 mount /dev/mapper/vg-root /mnt
305 mkdir /mnt/boot
306 mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
307 #+end_src
308
309 Finally, let's install the base system (and optionally =base-devel=):
310
311 #+begin_src bash
312 pacstrap /mnt base base-devel
313 #+end_src
314
315 *** Configuring the system
316
317 Let's generate the fstab:
318
319 #+begin_src bash
320 genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
321 #+end_src
322
323 Use your favorite terminal-based editor, edit the fstab file and add
324 the =discard= option for the root partition to enable TRIM on the SSD.
325
326 Now we change root into our newly installed system and will configure
327 it. Adjust these according to your own setup.
328
329 #+begin_src bash
330 arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash
331 passwd # set the root password
332 echo myhostname > /etc/hostname # set the hostname
333 ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Canada/Eastern /etc/localtime # time zone
334 hwclock --systohc --utc # write system clock to hardware clock (UTC)
335 useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash myuser # create myuser
336 passwd myuser # set the password for myuser
337 echo "myuser ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" >> /etc/sudoers.d/myuser
338 # uncomment en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 and other needed locales in /etc/locale.gen
339 locale-gen
340 echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf
341 export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
342 #+end_src
343
344 Then adjust the initramfs hooks in =/etc/mkinitcpio.conf= and enable
345 the =encrypt= and =lvm2= hooks, and make sure =keyboard= is available
346 before =encrypt= so you can actually type in the LUKS password when
347 booting. Your =HOOKS= line should look similar to this:
348
349 #+begin_src
350 HOOKS="base udev autodetect modconf block keyboard encrypt lvm2 filesystems fsck"
351 #+end_src
352
353 After adjusting the hooks, build the initramfs:
354
355 #+begin_src bash
356 mkinitcpio -p linux
357 #+end_src
358
359 Now, install the =intel-ucode= package. We'll configure the bootloader
360 to enable intel microcode updates.
361
362 #+begin_src bash
363 pacman -S intel-ucode
364 #+end_src
365
366 Create the =/boot/loader/loader.conf= with the following content
367 (adjust the timeout to your liking):
368
369 #+begin_src
370 default arch
371 timeout 3
372 #+end_src
373
374 Then create the entry for Arch:
375
376 #+begin_src bash
377 mkdir -p /boot/loader/entries
378 touch /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf
379 #+end_src
380
381 Now edit =/boot/loader/entries/arch.conf= to specify the Arch entry:
382
383 #+begin_src
384 title Arch GNU/Linux
385 linux /vmlinuz-linux
386 initrd /intel-ucode.img
387 initrd /initramfs-linux.img
388 options cryptdevice=/dev/sdaX:vg:allow-discards root=/dev/mapper/vg-root rw
389 #+end_src
390
391 Again, =/dev/sdaX= is the partition you created in the [[#partitioning][partitioning]]
392 step as the underlying encrypted partition.
393
394 Finally, install the bootloader, exit the chroot, umount and reboot!
395
396 #+begin_src bash
397 bootctl install
398 exit
399 umount -R /mnt
400 reboot
401 #+end_src
402
403 *** Post-installation recommendations
404
405 Congratulations! You now have a minimal Arch installation.
406
407 At this point, I usually install my favorite AUR helper, [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/pacaur/][pacaur]], then
408 I install the [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/broadcom-wl-dkms/][broadcom-wl-dkms]] wireless driver and [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/mba6x_bl-dkms/][mba6x_bl-dkms]]
409 backlight driver to fix the post suspend/resume issue where three's no
410 brightness after waking up from suspend, and the only available
411 brightness would be 100%.
412
413 #+begin_src bash
414 pacaur -S linux-headers dkms # linux-headers is required for dkms
415 pacaur -S broadcom-wl-dkms
416 pacaur -S mba6x_bl-dkms
417 #+end_src
418
419 Then, I'd like to install
420
421 - input, graphics, and sound drivers,
422 - a desktop environment (I prefer Xfce or LXQt),
423 - a display manager for login screen (lightdm or sddm), and
424 - a network manager (NetworkManager or ConnMan).
425
426 Check out the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/General_recommendations][General recommendations]] for more details.
427
428 *** References
429
430 Here are some resources I've come across each with lots of useful bits
431 and pieces, about installing Arch on a MacBook:
432
433 - [[https://github.com/pandeiro/arch-on-air][pandeiro/arch-on-air]]
434 - [[https://loicpefferkorn.net/2015/01/arch-linux-on-macbook-pro-retina-2014-with-dm-crypt-lvm-and-suspend-to-disk/][Arch Linux on MacBook Pro Retina 2014 with DM-Crypt, LVM and suspend to disk]]
435 - [[http://frankshin.com/installing-archlinux-on-macbook-air-2013/][Installing Archlinux on Macbook Air 2013]]
436 - [[http://panks.me/posts/2013/06/arch-linux-installation-with-os-x-on-macbook-air-dual-boot/][Arch Linux Installation with OS X on Macbook Air (Dual Boot)]]
437 - [[https://visual-assault.org/2016/03/05/install-encrypted-arch-linux-on-apple-macbook-pro/][Installing (encrypted) Arch Linux on an Apple MacBook Pro]]
438 - [[http://alexeyzabelin.com/arch-on-mac][Installing Arch Linux on a MacBook Air 2013]]
439 - [[https://medium.com/phils-thought-bubble-of-recent-stuff/arch-linux-running-on-my-macbook-2ea525ebefe3][Arch Linux running on my MacBook]]
440 - [[http://codylittlewood.com/arch-linux-on-macbook-pro-installation/][Dual boot Arch Linux on MacBook Pro Installation]]
441
442
443 * COMMENT Local Variables :ARCHIVE:
444 # Local Variables:
445 # org-hugo-footer: "\n\n[//]: # \"Exported with love from a post written in Org mode\"\n[//]: # \"- https://ox-hugo.scripter.co\""
446 # org-hugo-auto-export-on-save: t
447 # End: