08dc02a254b370d846348100926ac9900700cff9
[~bandali/bndl.org] / content-org / aminb.org
1 #+title: sources of aminb.org's pages and posts
2
3 #+hugo_base_dir: ..
4 #+seq_todo: TODO DRAFT DONE
5 #+property: header-args :eval never-export
6 #+options: author:nil
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8 #+macro: abbr @@html:<abbr>$1</abbr>@@
9 #+macro: span @@html:<span class="$1">$2</span>@@
10
11 * Pages
12 :PROPERTIES:
13 :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: /
14 :END:
15
16 ** Home
17 :PROPERTIES:
18 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: _index
19 :END:
20
21 I'm a [[/uw][graduate student]] in the [[https://watform.uwaterloo.ca][WatForm]] group at University of Waterloo,
22 supervised by [[https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~nday/][Dr. Nancy Day]]. I'm interested in using formal methods,
23 especially type systems, to help make software more reliable.
24
25 ** CV
26 :PROPERTIES:
27 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: cv
28 :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 10
29 :END:
30
31 My academic {{{abbr(CV)}}} is available as [[/cv.pdf][cv.pdf]],
32 and an outdated professional resume is available as [[/resume.pdf][resume.pdf]] as
33 well.
34
35 I'm interested in functional programming and functional languages,
36 type systems, and formal methods in general. I love writing Haskell
37 and I'm looking into Rust and Lean as well. Feel free to [[/contact][drop me a
38 line]] if you like to geek out about any of the above.
39
40 ** DONE Now
41 CLOSED: [2018-09-04 Tue 10:53]
42 :PROPERTIES:
43 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: now
44 :EXPORT_HUGO_AUTO_SET_LASTMOD: t
45 :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 20
46 :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :customTitle "What I'm doing now"
47 :END:
48
49 This is my [[https://nownownow.com/about][now page]].
50
51 I'm currently doing my third semester as a [[/uw][graduate student]] in the
52 Waterloo Formal Methods group at University of Waterloo. I'm also
53 TA'ing [[https://www.student.cs.uwaterloo.ca/~se212/][SE 212: Logic and Computation]], taught by my supervisor, Nancy.
54
55 In my spare time, I write [[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.en.html][free software]] (projects page coming soon),
56 and tend to various tasks as a GNU webmaster. I've also been picking
57 up the guitar, after giving up on my longtime dream of being a
58 pianist, at least for now.
59
60 This update was on {{< lastmod >}}.
61
62 ** TODO Projects
63
64 ** DONE Contact
65 CLOSED: [2018-09-03 Mon 20:44]
66 :PROPERTIES:
67 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: contact
68 :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 40
69 :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :customTitle "Say hello!"
70 :END:
71
72 #+macro: xmpp @@html:<a href="xmpp:$1">$1</a>@@
73
74 You can contact me via email or through my accounts on various online
75 platforms.
76
77 *** Primary
78
79 Email is my preferred method of communication.
80
81 - [[mailto:amin@aminb.org][amin@aminb.org]], personal or general inquiries
82 - [[mailto:bandali@gnu.org][bandali@gnu.org]], GNU- or free software-related
83 - [[mailto:abandali@uwaterloo.ca][abandali@uwaterloo.ca]], academic or UW-related
84 - gpg key: [[https://pgp.surfnet.nl/pks/lookup?op=vindex&fingerprint=on&search=0xD1FBA36627D65876][CDDE 75F9 0353 8E71 813C DA27 D1FB A366 27D6 5876]]
85
86 *** Secondary
87
88 - irc: bandali on [[https://freenode.net][freenode]] and [[https://wiki.mozilla.org/IRC][moznet]]
89 - fediverse: [[https://pleroma.site/users/aminb][aminb@pleroma.site]]
90 - xmpp: {{{xmpp(aminb@member.fsf.org)}}}
91 - matrix: [[https://matrix.to/#/@aminb:matrix.org][@aminb:matrix.org]]
92
93 *** Other online places
94
95 - [[https://git.sr.ht/~bandali][bandali]] on [[https://sr.ht][sr.ht]]
96 - [[https://savannah.gnu.org/users/bandali][bandali]] on Savannah
97 - [[https://lobste.rs/u/bandali][bandali]] on Lobsters
98 - [[https://gitlab.com/bandali][bandali]] on GitLab
99 - [[https://keybase.io/bandali][bandali]] on Keybase
100 - [[https://news.ycombinator.com/user?id=bandali][bandali]] on HN
101 - [[https://www.reddit.com/u/bandali][bandali]] on Reddit
102
103 *** Dormant accounts
104
105 These are accounts I don't use anymore, unless absolutely necessary.
106
107 - [[https://functional.cafe/@a][a]] on functional.cafe
108 - [[https://mastodon.social/@aminb][aminb]] on mastodon.social
109 - [[https://savannah.gnu.org/users/aminb][aminb]] on Savannah
110 - [[https://github.com/aminb][aminb]] on GitHub
111 - [[https://www.reddit.com/u/aminb][aminb]] on Reddit
112 - [[https://twitter.com/aminban][aminban]] on Twitter
113
114 ** Colophon
115 :PROPERTIES:
116 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: colophon
117 :END:
118
119 #+macro: light @@html:<label class="light-off-button-inline" for="light-off"></label>@@
120 #+macro: ccbysa @@html:<a rel="license" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International @@{{{ccbysa-img}}}@@html:</a>@@
121 #+macro: ccbysa-img @@html:<img alt="Creative Commons Licence" style="border-width:0" src="//i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/80x15.png"/>@@
122
123 This is my personal website, previous versions of which I've ran on
124 different domains since 2012. The last version was generated using
125 [[https://www.romanzolotarev.com/ssg.html][ssg]] (shout out to Roman Zolotarev), but I've since ported it to GNU
126 Emacs + Org mode.
127
128 The sources are available on https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org. The
129 site is automatically generated on each =git push= using the
130 [[https://builds.sr.ht][builds.sr.ht]] service (see the [[https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org/tree/.build.yml][=.build.yml=]] build manifest) and is
131 deployed to my server, where it's served by [[https://www.nginx.com][Nginx]] on [[https://www.debian.org][Debian GNU/Linux]].
132
133 *** Night mode
134
135 To toggle night mode, click on {{{light}}}, which is always available
136 on the top navigation menu. It saves its state in a browser cookie,
137 other than that no JavaScript is required to use this website.
138
139 *** Copyright and Licenses
140 :PROPERTIES:
141 :CUSTOM_ID: copyright
142 :END:
143
144 The source code for this site is licensed under version 3 (or, at your
145 option, any later version) of the [[https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html][GNU General Public License]] (see the
146 [[https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org/tree/COPYING][=COPYING=]] file). The contents of the website are licensed under a
147 {{{ccbysa}}} license.
148
149 *** i2p angel
150 :PROPERTIES:
151 :CUSTOM_ID: i2pangel
152 :END:
153
154 The favicons were derived from [[https://psychosoma.tech][nether]]'s beautiful [[https://psychosoma.tech/me/work/i2pangel.png][i2p angel]], a small
155 version of which is displayed on the home page.
156
157 ** Search
158 :PROPERTIES:
159 :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: /
160 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: search
161 :EXPORT_HUGO_LAYOUT: search
162 :EXPORT_HUGO_OUTPUTS: html json
163 :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :sitemap '((priority . 0.1))
164 :END:
165 Results from static site search implemented using /Fusejs/, /jquery/
166 and /mark.js/. -- [[https://gist.github.com/eddiewebb/735feb48f50f0ddd65ae5606a1cb41ae][Source]]
167
168 * Posts
169 :PROPERTIES:
170 :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: post
171 :EXPORT_HUGO_AUTO_SET_LASTMOD: t
172 :END:
173
174 ** Arch GNU/Linux on MacBook Air 2013 :arch:macbook:
175 :PROPERTIES:
176 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: arch-macbook-air
177 :EXPORT_DATE: 2016-11-01
178 :EXPORT_OPTIONS: ^:{}
179 :EXPORT_HUGO_ALIASES: /2016/11/arch-macbook-air
180 :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :toc true
181 :END:
182
183 This post summarizes how I install and dual-boot Arch GNU/Linux with
184 Full-Disk Encryption alongside macOS. It is not meant to be a
185 replacement for the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/installation_guide][Installation Guide]] or the former [[https://csdietz.github.io/arch-beginner-guide/][Beginner's Guide]].
186 Rather, it mostly serves as a small summary with a few useful notes
187 about the gotchas.
188
189 So, make sure you understand what you type into your terminal. If you
190 don't, checking out the Arch wiki should probably be your first step.
191
192 /Note:/ you will need internet access throughout the installation and
193 the MacBook Air's WiFi doesn't work out of the box on Arch. I
194 recommend using your phone's USB Tethering (if it does support it), or
195 using an Ethernet-USB adapter.
196
197 *** Shrinking the macOS partition
198
199 The first step I take is resizing the HFS+ macOS partition to make
200 room for the new {{{abbr(GNU/Linux)}}} installation. There are plenty
201 of tutorials on how to do this using macOS's Disk Utility, so do that
202 and then come back!
203
204 *** Creating a bootable Arch Installer USB
205
206 There are different ways of creating a bootable Arch USB, all
207 documented on the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/USB_flash_installation_media][USB flash installation media]] page on the Arch wiki,
208 but the simplest one is using =dd= if you already have access to
209 another UNIX system.
210
211 {{{span(red,Warning:)}}} make sure you backup the data on your flash
212 drive, as =dd= will irrevocably destroy all data on it.
213
214 Use =lsblk= to find the name (block device) of your USB drive, then
215 run =dd= (as root) as shown below:
216
217 #+begin_src bash
218 dd bs=4M if=/path/to/archlinux.iso of=/dev/sdx status=progress && sync
219 #+end_src
220
221 Replace =/path/to/archlinux.iso= with the path to the Arch image you
222 have downloaded, and =/dev/sdx= with your drive.
223
224 *** Booting up from the USB
225
226 After creating the install USB, reboot your laptop and hold the alt
227 key and boot into the USB.
228
229 When booting is complete and you're presented with the prompt, it's a
230 good time to make sure you're connected to the internet (see the
231 /note/ at the top of this post).
232
233 Use =ping= to verify that you've established a connection:
234
235 #+begin_src bash
236 ping archlinux.org
237 #+end_src
238
239 *** Updating the system clock
240
241 Once you're connected to the internet, make sure the system clock is
242 accurate:
243
244 #+begin_src bash
245 timedatectl set-ntp true # start and enable systemd-timesyncd
246 #+end_src
247
248 You can check the service status using =timedatectl status=.
249
250 *** Partitioning
251 :PROPERTIES:
252 :CUSTOM_ID: partitioning
253 :END:
254
255 I won't dive into partitioning and instead, I'll refer you to the
256 [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Partitioning][Partitioning]] page of Arch wiki. Of the available partitioning tools, I
257 personally prefer =cfdisk=.
258
259 *** Setting up LVM & LUKS
260
261 I use a [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dm-crypt/Encrypting_an_entire_system#LVM_on_LUKS][LVM on LUKS]] setup, where I set up LVM on top of the encrypted
262 partition.
263
264 First, let's set up the underlying encrypted partition:
265
266 #+begin_src bash
267 cryptsetup -v --cipher aes-xts-plain64 --key-size 512 --hash sha512 \
268 --iter-time 5000 --use-urandom -y luksFormat /dev/sdaX
269 #+end_src
270
271 where =/dev/sdaX= is the partition you created in the last step
272 (e.g. =/dev/sda4=). For more information about the =cryptsetup=
273 options, see the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dm-crypt/Device_encryption#Encryption_options_for_LUKS_mode][LUKS encryption options]].
274
275 Then we open the container:
276
277 #+begin_src bash
278 cryptsetup open --type luks /dev/sdaX lvm
279 #+end_src
280
281 Now it's time to use lvm and prepare the logical volume(s):
282
283 #+begin_src bash
284 pvcreate /dev/mapper/lvm
285 vgcreate vg /dev/mapper/lvm
286 lvcreate --extents +100%FREE -n root vg
287 #+end_src
288
289 This will create a physical volume on the mapping we just opened,
290 create a volume group named =vg= on the physical volume, and create a
291 logical volume named =root= that spans the entire volume group. More
292 complex setups are possible thanks to the great flexibility of lvm.
293
294 We now format the logical volume with =ext4=:
295
296 #+begin_src bash
297 mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg-root
298 #+end_src
299
300 *** Installing the base system
301
302 Let's mount the logical volume, make a directory for the mount point
303 of the boot partition, and mount the boot partition (=/dev/sda1=):
304
305 #+begin_src bash
306 mount /dev/mapper/vg-root /mnt
307 mkdir /mnt/boot
308 mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
309 #+end_src
310
311 Finally, let's install the base system (and optionally =base-devel=):
312
313 #+begin_src bash
314 pacstrap /mnt base base-devel
315 #+end_src
316
317 *** Configuring the system
318
319 Let's generate the fstab:
320
321 #+begin_src bash
322 genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
323 #+end_src
324
325 Use your favorite terminal-based editor, edit the fstab file and add
326 the =discard= option for the root partition to enable TRIM on the SSD.
327
328 Now we change root into our newly installed system and will configure
329 it. Adjust these according to your own setup.
330
331 #+begin_src bash
332 arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash
333 passwd # set the root password
334 echo myhostname > /etc/hostname # set the hostname
335 ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Canada/Eastern /etc/localtime # time zone
336 hwclock --systohc --utc # write system clock to hardware clock (UTC)
337 useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash myuser # create myuser
338 passwd myuser # set the password for myuser
339 echo "myuser ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" >> /etc/sudoers.d/myuser
340 # uncomment en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 and other needed locales in /etc/locale.gen
341 locale-gen
342 echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf
343 export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
344 #+end_src
345
346 Then adjust the initramfs hooks in =/etc/mkinitcpio.conf= and enable
347 the =encrypt= and =lvm2= hooks, and make sure =keyboard= is available
348 before =encrypt= so you can actually type in the LUKS password when
349 booting. Your =HOOKS= line should look similar to this:
350
351 #+begin_src
352 HOOKS="base udev autodetect modconf block keyboard encrypt lvm2 filesystems fsck"
353 #+end_src
354
355 After adjusting the hooks, build the initramfs:
356
357 #+begin_src bash
358 mkinitcpio -p linux
359 #+end_src
360
361 Now, install the =intel-ucode= package. We'll configure the bootloader
362 to enable intel microcode updates.
363
364 #+begin_src bash
365 pacman -S intel-ucode
366 #+end_src
367
368 Create the =/boot/loader/loader.conf= with the following content
369 (adjust the timeout to your liking):
370
371 #+begin_src
372 default arch
373 timeout 3
374 #+end_src
375
376 Then create the entry for Arch:
377
378 #+begin_src bash
379 mkdir -p /boot/loader/entries
380 touch /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf
381 #+end_src
382
383 Now edit =/boot/loader/entries/arch.conf= to specify the Arch entry:
384
385 #+begin_src
386 title Arch GNU/Linux
387 linux /vmlinuz-linux
388 initrd /intel-ucode.img
389 initrd /initramfs-linux.img
390 options cryptdevice=/dev/sdaX:vg:allow-discards root=/dev/mapper/vg-root rw
391 #+end_src
392
393 Again, =/dev/sdaX= is the partition you created in the [[#partitioning][partitioning]]
394 step as the underlying encrypted partition.
395
396 Finally, install the bootloader, exit the chroot, umount and reboot!
397
398 #+begin_src bash
399 bootctl install
400 exit
401 umount -R /mnt
402 reboot
403 #+end_src
404
405 *** Post-installation recommendations
406
407 Congratulations! You now have a minimal Arch installation.
408
409 At this point, I usually install my favorite AUR helper, [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/pacaur/][pacaur]], then
410 I install the [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/broadcom-wl-dkms/][broadcom-wl-dkms]] wireless driver and [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/mba6x_bl-dkms/][mba6x_bl-dkms]]
411 backlight driver to fix the post suspend/resume issue where three's no
412 brightness after waking up from suspend, and the only available
413 brightness would be 100%.
414
415 #+begin_src bash
416 pacaur -S linux-headers dkms # linux-headers is required for dkms
417 pacaur -S broadcom-wl-dkms
418 pacaur -S mba6x_bl-dkms
419 #+end_src
420
421 Then, I'd like to install
422
423 - input, graphics, and sound drivers,
424 - a desktop environment (I prefer Xfce or LXQt),
425 - a display manager for login screen (lightdm or sddm), and
426 - a network manager (NetworkManager or ConnMan).
427
428 Check out the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/General_recommendations][General recommendations]] for more details.
429
430 *** References
431
432 Here are some resources I've come across each with lots of useful bits
433 and pieces, about installing Arch on a MacBook:
434
435 - [[https://github.com/pandeiro/arch-on-air][pandeiro/arch-on-air]]
436 - [[https://loicpefferkorn.net/2015/01/arch-linux-on-macbook-pro-retina-2014-with-dm-crypt-lvm-and-suspend-to-disk/][Arch Linux on MacBook Pro Retina 2014 with DM-Crypt, LVM and suspend to disk]]
437 - [[http://frankshin.com/installing-archlinux-on-macbook-air-2013/][Installing Archlinux on Macbook Air 2013]]
438 - [[http://panks.me/posts/2013/06/arch-linux-installation-with-os-x-on-macbook-air-dual-boot/][Arch Linux Installation with OS X on Macbook Air (Dual Boot)]]
439 - [[https://visual-assault.org/2016/03/05/install-encrypted-arch-linux-on-apple-macbook-pro/][Installing (encrypted) Arch Linux on an Apple MacBook Pro]]
440 - [[http://alexeyzabelin.com/arch-on-mac][Installing Arch Linux on a MacBook Air 2013]]
441 - [[https://medium.com/phils-thought-bubble-of-recent-stuff/arch-linux-running-on-my-macbook-2ea525ebefe3][Arch Linux running on my MacBook]]
442 - [[http://codylittlewood.com/arch-linux-on-macbook-pro-installation/][Dual boot Arch Linux on MacBook Pro Installation]]
443
444
445 * COMMENT Local Variables :ARCHIVE:
446 # Local Variables:
447 # org-hugo-footer: "\n\n[//]: # \"Exported with love from a post written in Org mode\"\n[//]: # \"- https://ox-hugo.scripter.co\""
448 # org-hugo-auto-export-on-save: t
449 # End: