9bbddaf91c3d1b709dfbedcdd7092f8f1be9e0c9
[~bandali/bndl.org] / content-org / aminb.org
1 #+title: sources of aminb.org's pages and posts
2
3 #+hugo_base_dir: ..
4 #+seq_todo: TODO DRAFT DONE
5 #+property: header-args :eval never-export
6 #+options: author:nil
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8 #+macro: abbr @@html:<abbr>$1</abbr>@@
9 #+macro: span @@html:<span class="$1">$2</span>@@
10
11 * Pages
12 :PROPERTIES:
13 :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: /
14 :END:
15
16 ** Home
17 :PROPERTIES:
18 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: _index
19 :END:
20
21 I'm a [[/uw][graduate student]] in the [[https://watform.uwaterloo.ca][WatForm]] group at University of Waterloo,
22 supervised by [[https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~nday/][Dr. Nancy Day]]. I'm interested in using formal methods,
23 especially type systems, to help make software more reliable.
24
25 ** CV
26 :PROPERTIES:
27 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: cv
28 :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 10
29 :END:
30
31 My academic {{{abbr(CV)}}} is available as [[/cv.pdf][cv.pdf]],
32 and an outdated professional resume is available as [[/resume.pdf][resume.pdf]] as
33 well.
34
35 I'm interested in functional programming and functional languages,
36 type systems, and formal methods in general. I love writing Haskell
37 and I'm looking into Rust and Lean as well. Feel free to [[/contact][drop me a
38 line]] if you like to geek out about any of the above.
39
40 ** DONE Now
41 CLOSED: [2018-09-04 Tue 10:53]
42 :PROPERTIES:
43 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: now
44 :EXPORT_HUGO_AUTO_SET_LASTMOD: t
45 :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 20
46 :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :customTitle "What I'm doing now"
47 :END:
48
49 This is my [[https://nownownow.com/about][now page]].
50
51 I'm currently doing my third semester as a [[/uw][graduate student]] in the
52 Waterloo Formal Methods group at University of Waterloo. I'm also
53 TA'ing [[https://www.student.cs.uwaterloo.ca/~se212/][SE 212: Logic and Computation]], taught by my supervisor, Nancy.
54
55 In my spare time, I write [[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.en.html][free software]] (projects page coming soon),
56 and tend to various tasks as a GNU webmaster. I've also been picking
57 up the guitar, after giving up on my longtime dream of being a
58 pianist, at least for now.
59
60 This update was on {{< lastmod >}}.
61
62 ** TODO Projects
63
64 ** DONE Contact
65 CLOSED: [2018-09-03 Mon 20:44]
66 :PROPERTIES:
67 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: contact
68 :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 40
69 :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :customTitle "Say hello!"
70 :END:
71
72 #+macro: xmpp @@html:<a href="xmpp:$1">$1</a>@@
73
74 You can contact me via email or through my accounts on various online
75 platforms.
76
77 *** Contact info
78
79 - [[mailto:amin@aminb.org][amin@aminb.org]], personal/general enquiries
80 - [[mailto:bandali@gnu.org][bandali@gnu.org]], I'm a volunteer [[https://www.gnu.org/people/webmeisters.html#aminb][GNU webmaster]]
81 - [[mailto:abandali@uwaterloo.ca][abandali@uwaterloo.ca]], I'm a [[/uw][grad student]] @ UW
82 - gpg key: [[https://pgp.surfnet.nl/pks/lookup?op=vindex&fingerprint=on&search=0xD1FBA36627D65876][CDDE 75F9 0353 8E71 813C DA27 D1FB A366 27D6 5876]]
83 - bandali on [[https://freenode.net][freenode]] and [[https://wiki.mozilla.org/IRC][moznet]] IRC
84 - [[https://matrix.to/#/@bandali:matrix.org][@bandali:matrix.org]] on Matrix
85 - {{{xmpp(aminb@member.fsf.org)}}} via XMPP
86 - [[https://pleroma.site/users/aminb][aminb@pleroma.site]] on the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fediverse][fediverse]]
87
88 *** Other online places
89
90 - [[https://git.sr.ht/~aminb][~aminb]] on [[https://sr.ht][sr.ht]]
91 - [[https://lobste.rs/u/bandali][bandali]] on Lobsters
92 - [[https://gitlab.com/bandali][bandali]] on GitLab
93 - [[https://keybase.io/bandali][bandali]] on Keybase
94 - [[https://news.ycombinator.com/user?id=bandali][bandali]] on HN
95 - [[https://www.reddit.com/u/bandali][bandali]] on Reddit (previously, [[https://www.reddit.com/u/aminb][aminb]])
96 - +[[https://github.com/aminb][aminb]] on GitHub+
97 - +[[https://twitter.com/aminban][aminban]] on Twitter+
98
99 ** Colophon
100 :PROPERTIES:
101 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: colophon
102 :END:
103
104 #+macro: light @@html:<label class="light-off-button-inline" for="light-off"></label>@@
105 #+macro: ccbysa @@html:<a rel="license" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International @@{{{ccbysa-img}}}@@html:</a>@@
106 #+macro: ccbysa-img @@html:<img alt="Creative Commons Licence" style="border-width:0" src="//i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/80x15.png"/>@@
107
108 This is my personal website, previous versions of which I've ran on
109 different domains since 2012. The last version was generated using
110 [[https://www.romanzolotarev.com/ssg.html][ssg]] (shout out to Roman Zolotarev), but I've since ported it to GNU
111 Emacs + Org mode.
112
113 The sources are available on https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org. The
114 site is automatically generated on each =git push= using the
115 [[https://builds.sr.ht][builds.sr.ht]] service (see the [[https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org/tree/.build.yml][=.build.yml=]] build manifest) and is
116 deployed to my server, where it's served by [[https://www.nginx.com][Nginx]] on [[https://www.debian.org][Debian GNU/Linux]].
117
118 *** Night mode
119
120 To toggle night mode, click on {{{light}}}, which is always available
121 on the top navigation menu. It saves its state in a browser cookie,
122 other than that no JavaScript is required to use this website.
123
124 *** Copyright and Licenses
125 :PROPERTIES:
126 :CUSTOM_ID: copyright
127 :END:
128
129 The source code for this site is licensed under version 3 (or, at your
130 option, any later version) of the [[https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html][GNU General Public License]] (see the
131 [[https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org/tree/COPYING][=COPYING=]] file). The contents of the website are licensed under a
132 {{{ccbysa}}} license.
133
134 *** i2p angel
135 :PROPERTIES:
136 :CUSTOM_ID: i2pangel
137 :END:
138
139 The favicons were derived from [[https://psychosoma.tech][nether]]'s beautiful [[https://psychosoma.tech/me/work/i2pangel.png][i2p angel]], a small
140 version of which is displayed on the home page.
141
142 ** Search
143 :PROPERTIES:
144 :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: /
145 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: search
146 :EXPORT_HUGO_LAYOUT: search
147 :EXPORT_HUGO_OUTPUTS: html json
148 :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :sitemap '((priority . 0.1))
149 :END:
150 Results from static site search implemented using /Fusejs/, /jquery/
151 and /mark.js/. -- [[https://gist.github.com/eddiewebb/735feb48f50f0ddd65ae5606a1cb41ae][Source]]
152
153 * Posts
154 :PROPERTIES:
155 :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: post
156 :EXPORT_HUGO_AUTO_SET_LASTMOD: t
157 :END:
158
159 ** Arch GNU/Linux on MacBook Air 2013 :arch:macbook:
160 :PROPERTIES:
161 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: arch-macbook-air
162 :EXPORT_DATE: 2016-11-01
163 :EXPORT_OPTIONS: ^:{}
164 :EXPORT_HUGO_ALIASES: /2016/11/arch-macbook-air
165 :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :toc true
166 :END:
167
168 This post summarizes how I install and dual-boot Arch GNU/Linux with
169 Full-Disk Encryption alongside macOS. It is not meant to be a
170 replacement for the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/installation_guide][Installation Guide]] or the former [[https://csdietz.github.io/arch-beginner-guide/][Beginner's Guide]].
171 Rather, it mostly serves as a small summary with a few useful notes
172 about the gotchas.
173
174 So, make sure you understand what you type into your terminal. If you
175 don't, checking out the Arch wiki should probably be your first step.
176
177 /Note:/ you will need internet access throughout the installation and
178 the MacBook Air's WiFi doesn't work out of the box on Arch. I
179 recommend using your phone's USB Tethering (if it does support it), or
180 using an Ethernet-USB adapter.
181
182 *** Shrinking the macOS partition
183
184 The first step I take is resizing the HFS+ macOS partition to make
185 room for the new {{{abbr(GNU/Linux)}}} installation. There are plenty
186 of tutorials on how to do this using macOS's Disk Utility, so do that
187 and then come back!
188
189 *** Creating a bootable Arch Installer USB
190
191 There are different ways of creating a bootable Arch USB, all
192 documented on the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/USB_flash_installation_media][USB flash installation media]] page on the Arch wiki,
193 but the simplest one is using =dd= if you already have access to
194 another UNIX system.
195
196 {{{span(red,Warning:)}}} make sure you backup the data on your flash
197 drive, as =dd= will irrevocably destroy all data on it.
198
199 Use =lsblk= to find the name (block device) of your USB drive, then
200 run =dd= (as root) as shown below:
201
202 #+begin_src bash
203 dd bs=4M if=/path/to/archlinux.iso of=/dev/sdx status=progress && sync
204 #+end_src
205
206 Replace =/path/to/archlinux.iso= with the path to the Arch image you
207 have downloaded, and =/dev/sdx= with your drive.
208
209 *** Booting up from the USB
210
211 After creating the install USB, reboot your laptop and hold the alt
212 key and boot into the USB.
213
214 When booting is complete and you're presented with the prompt, it's a
215 good time to make sure you're connected to the internet (see the
216 /note/ at the top of this post).
217
218 Use =ping= to verify that you've established a connection:
219
220 #+begin_src bash
221 ping archlinux.org
222 #+end_src
223
224 *** Updating the system clock
225
226 Once you're connected to the internet, make sure the system clock is
227 accurate:
228
229 #+begin_src bash
230 timedatectl set-ntp true # start and enable systemd-timesyncd
231 #+end_src
232
233 You can check the service status using =timedatectl status=.
234
235 *** Partitioning
236 :PROPERTIES:
237 :CUSTOM_ID: partitioning
238 :END:
239
240 I won't dive into partitioning and instead, I'll refer you to the
241 [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Partitioning][Partitioning]] page of Arch wiki. Of the available partitioning tools, I
242 personally prefer =cfdisk=.
243
244 *** Setting up LVM & LUKS
245
246 I use a [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dm-crypt/Encrypting_an_entire_system#LVM_on_LUKS][LVM on LUKS]] setup, where I set up LVM on top of the encrypted
247 partition.
248
249 First, let's set up the underlying encrypted partition:
250
251 #+begin_src bash
252 cryptsetup -v --cipher aes-xts-plain64 --key-size 512 --hash sha512 \
253 --iter-time 5000 --use-urandom -y luksFormat /dev/sdaX
254 #+end_src
255
256 where =/dev/sdaX= is the partition you created in the last step
257 (e.g. =/dev/sda4=). For more information about the =cryptsetup=
258 options, see the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dm-crypt/Device_encryption#Encryption_options_for_LUKS_mode][LUKS encryption options]].
259
260 Then we open the container:
261
262 #+begin_src bash
263 cryptsetup open --type luks /dev/sdaX lvm
264 #+end_src
265
266 Now it's time to use lvm and prepare the logical volume(s):
267
268 #+begin_src bash
269 pvcreate /dev/mapper/lvm
270 vgcreate vg /dev/mapper/lvm
271 lvcreate --extents +100%FREE -n root vg
272 #+end_src
273
274 This will create a physical volume on the mapping we just opened,
275 create a volume group named =vg= on the physical volume, and create a
276 logical volume named =root= that spans the entire volume group. More
277 complex setups are possible thanks to the great flexibility of lvm.
278
279 We now format the logical volume with =ext4=:
280
281 #+begin_src bash
282 mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg-root
283 #+end_src
284
285 *** Installing the base system
286
287 Let's mount the logical volume, make a directory for the mount point
288 of the boot partition, and mount the boot partition (=/dev/sda1=):
289
290 #+begin_src bash
291 mount /dev/mapper/vg-root /mnt
292 mkdir /mnt/boot
293 mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
294 #+end_src
295
296 Finally, let's install the base system (and optionally =base-devel=):
297
298 #+begin_src bash
299 pacstrap /mnt base base-devel
300 #+end_src
301
302 *** Configuring the system
303
304 Let's generate the fstab:
305
306 #+begin_src bash
307 genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
308 #+end_src
309
310 Use your favorite terminal-based editor, edit the fstab file and add
311 the =discard= option for the root partition to enable TRIM on the SSD.
312
313 Now we change root into our newly installed system and will configure
314 it. Adjust these according to your own setup.
315
316 #+begin_src bash
317 arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash
318 passwd # set the root password
319 echo myhostname > /etc/hostname # set the hostname
320 ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Canada/Eastern /etc/localtime # time zone
321 hwclock --systohc --utc # write system clock to hardware clock (UTC)
322 useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash myuser # create myuser
323 passwd myuser # set the password for myuser
324 echo "myuser ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" >> /etc/sudoers.d/myuser
325 # uncomment en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 and other needed locales in /etc/locale.gen
326 locale-gen
327 echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf
328 export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
329 #+end_src
330
331 Then adjust the initramfs hooks in =/etc/mkinitcpio.conf= and enable
332 the =encrypt= and =lvm2= hooks, and make sure =keyboard= is available
333 before =encrypt= so you can actually type in the LUKS password when
334 booting. Your =HOOKS= line should look similar to this:
335
336 #+begin_src
337 HOOKS="base udev autodetect modconf block keyboard encrypt lvm2 filesystems fsck"
338 #+end_src
339
340 After adjusting the hooks, build the initramfs:
341
342 #+begin_src bash
343 mkinitcpio -p linux
344 #+end_src
345
346 Now, install the =intel-ucode= package. We'll configure the bootloader
347 to enable intel microcode updates.
348
349 #+begin_src bash
350 pacman -S intel-ucode
351 #+end_src
352
353 Create the =/boot/loader/loader.conf= with the following content
354 (adjust the timeout to your liking):
355
356 #+begin_src
357 default arch
358 timeout 3
359 #+end_src
360
361 Then create the entry for Arch:
362
363 #+begin_src bash
364 mkdir -p /boot/loader/entries
365 touch /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf
366 #+end_src
367
368 Now edit =/boot/loader/entries/arch.conf= to specify the Arch entry:
369
370 #+begin_src
371 title Arch GNU/Linux
372 linux /vmlinuz-linux
373 initrd /intel-ucode.img
374 initrd /initramfs-linux.img
375 options cryptdevice=/dev/sdaX:vg:allow-discards root=/dev/mapper/vg-root rw
376 #+end_src
377
378 Again, =/dev/sdaX= is the partition you created in the [[#partitioning][partitioning]]
379 step as the underlying encrypted partition.
380
381 Finally, install the bootloader, exit the chroot, umount and reboot!
382
383 #+begin_src bash
384 bootctl install
385 exit
386 umount -R /mnt
387 reboot
388 #+end_src
389
390 *** Post-installation recommendations
391
392 Congratulations! You now have a minimal Arch installation.
393
394 At this point, I usually install my favorite AUR helper, [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/pacaur/][pacaur]], then
395 I install the [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/broadcom-wl-dkms/][broadcom-wl-dkms]] wireless driver and [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/mba6x_bl-dkms/][mba6x_bl-dkms]]
396 backlight driver to fix the post suspend/resume issue where three's no
397 brightness after waking up from suspend, and the only available
398 brightness would be 100%.
399
400 #+begin_src bash
401 pacaur -S linux-headers dkms # linux-headers is required for dkms
402 pacaur -S broadcom-wl-dkms
403 pacaur -S mba6x_bl-dkms
404 #+end_src
405
406 Then, I'd like to install
407
408 - input, graphics, and sound drivers,
409 - a desktop environment (I prefer Xfce or LXQt),
410 - a display manager for login screen (lightdm or sddm), and
411 - a network manager (NetworkManager or ConnMan).
412
413 Check out the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/General_recommendations][General recommendations]] for more details.
414
415 *** References
416
417 Here are some resources I've come across each with lots of useful bits
418 and pieces, about installing Arch on a MacBook:
419
420 - [[https://github.com/pandeiro/arch-on-air][pandeiro/arch-on-air]]
421 - [[https://loicpefferkorn.net/2015/01/arch-linux-on-macbook-pro-retina-2014-with-dm-crypt-lvm-and-suspend-to-disk/][Arch Linux on MacBook Pro Retina 2014 with DM-Crypt, LVM and suspend to disk]]
422 - [[http://frankshin.com/installing-archlinux-on-macbook-air-2013/][Installing Archlinux on Macbook Air 2013]]
423 - [[http://panks.me/posts/2013/06/arch-linux-installation-with-os-x-on-macbook-air-dual-boot/][Arch Linux Installation with OS X on Macbook Air (Dual Boot)]]
424 - [[https://visual-assault.org/2016/03/05/install-encrypted-arch-linux-on-apple-macbook-pro/][Installing (encrypted) Arch Linux on an Apple MacBook Pro]]
425 - [[http://alexeyzabelin.com/arch-on-mac][Installing Arch Linux on a MacBook Air 2013]]
426 - [[https://medium.com/phils-thought-bubble-of-recent-stuff/arch-linux-running-on-my-macbook-2ea525ebefe3][Arch Linux running on my MacBook]]
427 - [[http://codylittlewood.com/arch-linux-on-macbook-pro-installation/][Dual boot Arch Linux on MacBook Pro Installation]]
428
429
430 * COMMENT Local Variables :ARCHIVE:
431 # Local Variables:
432 # org-hugo-footer: "\n\n[//]: # \"Exported with love from a post written in Org mode\"\n[//]: # \"- https://ox-hugo.scripter.co\""
433 # org-hugo-auto-export-on-save: t
434 # End: