c77382991a647191fd3c613a990889380ff9d1ce
[~bandali/bndl.org] / content-org / aminb.org
1 #+title: sources of aminb.org's pages and posts
2
3 #+hugo_base_dir: ..
4 #+seq_todo: TODO DRAFT DONE
5 #+property: header-args :eval never-export
6 #+options: author:nil
7
8 #+macro: abbr @@html:<abbr>$1</abbr>@@
9 #+macro: span @@html:<span class="$1">$2</span>@@
10
11 * Pages
12 :PROPERTIES:
13 :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: /
14 :END:
15
16 ** Home
17 :PROPERTIES:
18 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: _index
19 :END:
20
21 I'm a [[/uw][graduate student]] in the [[https://watform.uwaterloo.ca][WatForm]] group at University of Waterloo,
22 supervised by [[https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~nday/][Dr. Nancy Day]]. I'm interested in using formal methods,
23 especially type systems, to help make software more reliable.
24
25 ** CV
26 :PROPERTIES:
27 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: cv
28 :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 10
29 :END:
30
31 My academic {{{abbr(CV)}}} is available as [[/cv.pdf][cv.pdf]],
32 and an outdated professional resume is available as [[/resume.pdf][resume.pdf]] as
33 well.
34
35 I'm interested in functional programming and functional languages,
36 type systems, and formal methods in general. I love writing Haskell
37 and I'm looking into Rust and Lean as well. Feel free to [[/contact][drop me a
38 line]] if you like to geek out about any of the above.
39
40 ** DONE Now
41 CLOSED: [2018-09-04 Tue 10:53]
42 :PROPERTIES:
43 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: now
44 :EXPORT_HUGO_AUTO_SET_LASTMOD: t
45 :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 20
46 :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :customTitle "What I'm doing now"
47 :END:
48
49 This is my [[https://nownownow.com/about][now page]].
50
51 I'm currently doing my third semester as a [[/uw][graduate student]] in the
52 Waterloo Formal Methods group at University of Waterloo. I'm also
53 TA'ing [[https://www.student.cs.uwaterloo.ca/~se212/][SE 212: Logic and Computation]], taught by my supervisor, Nancy.
54
55 In my spare time, I write [[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.en.html][free software]] (projects page coming soon),
56 and tend to various tasks as a GNU webmaster. I've also been picking
57 up the guitar, after giving up on my longtime dream of being a
58 pianist, at least for now.
59
60 This update was on {{< lastmod >}}.
61
62 ** TODO Projects
63
64 ** DONE Contact
65 CLOSED: [2018-09-03 Mon 20:44]
66 :PROPERTIES:
67 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: contact
68 :EXPORT_HUGO_MENU: :menu topnav :weight 40
69 :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :customTitle "Say hello!"
70 :END:
71
72 #+macro: xmpp @@html:<a href="xmpp:$1">$1</a>@@
73
74 You can contact me via email or through my accounts on various online
75 platforms.
76
77 *** Primary
78
79 Email is my preferred method of communication.
80
81 - [[mailto:amin@aminb.org][amin@aminb.org]], personal or general inquiries
82 - [[mailto:bandali@gnu.org][bandali@gnu.org]], GNU- or free software-related ([[/gpg][gpg key]])
83 - [[mailto:abandali@uwaterloo.ca][abandali@uwaterloo.ca]], academic or UW-related
84
85 *** Secondary
86
87 - irc: bandali on [[https://freenode.net][freenode]] and [[https://wiki.mozilla.org/IRC][moznet]]
88 - xmpp: {{{xmpp(bandali@member.fsf.org)}}}
89 - matrix: [[https://matrix.to/#/@bandali:matrix.org][@bandali:matrix.org]]
90 - fediverse: [[https://pleroma.site/users/aminb][aminb@pleroma.site]]
91
92 *** Other online places
93
94 - [[https://git.sr.ht/~bandali][bandali]] on [[https://sr.ht][sr.ht]]
95 - [[https://savannah.gnu.org/users/bandali][bandali]] on Savannah
96 - [[https://lobste.rs/u/bandali][bandali]] on Lobsters
97 - [[https://gitlab.com/bandali][bandali]] on GitLab
98 - [[https://keybase.io/bandali][bandali]] on Keybase
99 - [[https://news.ycombinator.com/user?id=bandali][bandali]] on HN
100 - [[https://www.reddit.com/u/bandali][bandali]] on Reddit
101
102 *** Dormant accounts
103
104 These are accounts I don't use anymore, unless absolutely necessary.
105
106 - [[https://functional.cafe/@a][a]] on functional.cafe
107 - [[https://mastodon.social/@aminb][aminb]] on mastodon.social
108 - [[https://savannah.gnu.org/users/aminb][aminb]] on Savannah
109 - [[https://github.com/aminb][aminb]] on GitHub
110 - [[https://www.reddit.com/u/aminb][aminb]] on Reddit
111 - [[https://twitter.com/aminban][aminban]] on Twitter
112
113 ** Colophon
114 :PROPERTIES:
115 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: colophon
116 :END:
117
118 #+macro: light @@html:<label class="light-off-button-inline" for="light-off"></label>@@
119 #+macro: ccbysa @@html:<a rel="license" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International @@{{{ccbysa-img}}}@@html:</a>@@
120 #+macro: ccbysa-img @@html:<img alt="Creative Commons Licence" style="border-width:0" src="//i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/80x15.png"/>@@
121
122 This is my personal website, previous versions of which I've ran on
123 different domains since 2012. The last version was generated using
124 [[https://www.romanzolotarev.com/ssg.html][ssg]] (shout out to Roman Zolotarev), but I've since ported it to GNU
125 Emacs + Org mode.
126
127 The sources are available on https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org. The
128 site is automatically generated on each =git push= using the
129 [[https://builds.sr.ht][builds.sr.ht]] service (see the [[https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org/tree/.build.yml][=.build.yml=]] build manifest) and is
130 deployed to my server, where it's served by [[https://www.nginx.com][Nginx]] on [[https://www.debian.org][Debian GNU/Linux]].
131
132 *** Night mode
133
134 To toggle night mode, click on {{{light}}}, which is always available
135 on the top navigation menu. It saves its state in a browser cookie,
136 other than that no JavaScript is required to use this website.
137
138 *** Copyright and Licenses
139 :PROPERTIES:
140 :CUSTOM_ID: copyright
141 :END:
142
143 The source code for this site is licensed under version 3 (or, at your
144 option, any later version) of the [[https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html][GNU General Public License]] (see the
145 [[https://git.sr.ht/~aminb/aminb.org/tree/COPYING][=COPYING=]] file). The contents of the website are licensed under a
146 {{{ccbysa}}} license.
147
148 *** i2p angel
149 :PROPERTIES:
150 :CUSTOM_ID: i2pangel
151 :END:
152
153 The favicons were derived from [[https://psychosoma.tech][nether]]'s beautiful [[https://psychosoma.tech/me/work/i2pangel.png][i2p angel]], a small
154 version of which is displayed on the home page.
155
156 ** GPG
157 :PROPERTIES:
158 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: gpg
159 :END:
160
161 My [[https://aminb.org/0xA21A020248816103.txt][current key]] is:[fn:1]
162
163 #+begin_src txt
164 pub rsa4096 2018-10-17 [C] [expires: 2020-10-16]
165 BE62 7373 8E61 6D6D 1B3A 08E8 A21A 0202 4881 6103
166 uid [ultimate] Amin Bandali <bandali@gnu.org>
167 sub rsa4096 2018-10-17 [S] [expires: 2020-10-16]
168 39B3 3C8D 9448 0D2D DCC2 A498 8B44 A0CD C7B9 56F2
169 sub rsa4096 2018-10-17 [E] [expires: 2020-10-16]
170 43ED 5F7C F5EC CBDF 2552 FE98 1D52 D14E BCF3 BE08
171 sub rsa4096 2018-10-17 [A] [expires: 2020-10-16]
172 70FB 9AAD 5240 2841 2B14 8685 4040 DFEC 6EC1 3F3A
173 #+end_src
174
175 My [[https://aminb.org/0xD1FBA36627D65876.txt][previous key]], from which I transitioned away, is:
176
177 #+begin_src txt
178 pub rsa4096 2018-08-05 [C] [expires: 2018-11-16]
179 CDDE 75F9 0353 8E71 813C DA27 D1FB A366 27D6 5876
180 uid [ultimate] Amin Bandali <amin@gnu.org>
181 uid [ultimate] Amin Bandali <amin@aminb.org>
182 uid [ultimate] Amin Bandali <mab@gnu.org>
183 uid [ultimate] Amin Bandali <aminb@gnu.org>
184 sub rsa4096 2018-08-05 [S] [expires: 2018-11-16]
185 E14F 56EE 1338 901E A8A8 D2DD 91A9 6FF7 FEF6 BEB4
186 sub rsa4096 2018-08-05 [E] [expires: 2018-11-16]
187 F9B3 BA24 31A0 9B38 31A3 42EF 1F29 83A9 9A69 D453
188 sub rsa4096 2018-08-05 [A] [expires: 2018-11-16]
189 4FB5 D03D A65E 8DA3 39BE 5EDD 6DC3 8F21 4E4B AAA0
190 #+end_src
191
192 You can obtain my key transition statement signed with both of the
193 above keys from https://aminb.org/key-transition-2018-10-17.txt.
194
195 *** Older keys
196
197 #+begin_src txt
198 pub rsa4096 2016-01-31 [SC] [expires: 2019-02-13]
199 500C 1D55 D1EC 1FED E8C0 C8DE 4E05 246A B0BF 7FFB
200 uid [ultimate] Amin Bandali <amin@aminb.org>
201 uid [ultimate] Amin Bandali <aminb@gnu.org>
202 uid [ultimate] Amin Bandali <b@nda.li>
203 uid [ultimate] Amin Bandali <me@aminb.org>
204 sub rsa4096 2016-01-31 [S] [expires: 2019-02-13]
205 5AC5 0B1B D540 A902 D4B6 2B5C DAE5 4A52 337F 0283
206 sub rsa4096 2016-01-31 [E] [expires: 2019-02-13]
207 F05B FB25 77C7 5AF6 7783 A66F 3351 056A ACD6 6B1F
208 sub rsa4096 2016-01-31 [A] [expires: 2019-02-13]
209 C165 6BE2 FDCA D028 0D5A 4314 3A4A C417 58E9 C177
210 #+end_src
211
212 The key transition statement I'd generated when transitioning away
213 from this key is available on
214 https://aminb.org/key-transition-2018-08-17.txt.
215
216 ** Search
217 :PROPERTIES:
218 :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: /
219 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: search
220 :EXPORT_HUGO_LAYOUT: search
221 :EXPORT_HUGO_OUTPUTS: html json
222 :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :sitemap '((priority . 0.1))
223 :END:
224 Results from static site search implemented using /Fusejs/, /jquery/
225 and /mark.js/. -- [[https://gist.github.com/eddiewebb/735feb48f50f0ddd65ae5606a1cb41ae][Source]]
226
227 * Posts
228 :PROPERTIES:
229 :EXPORT_HUGO_SECTION: post
230 :EXPORT_HUGO_AUTO_SET_LASTMOD: t
231 :END:
232
233 ** Arch GNU/Linux on MacBook Air 2013 :arch:macbook:
234 :PROPERTIES:
235 :EXPORT_FILE_NAME: arch-macbook-air
236 :EXPORT_DATE: 2016-11-01
237 :EXPORT_OPTIONS: ^:{}
238 :EXPORT_HUGO_ALIASES: /2016/11/arch-macbook-air
239 :EXPORT_HUGO_CUSTOM_FRONT_MATTER: :toc true
240 :END:
241
242 This post summarizes how I install and dual-boot Arch GNU/Linux with
243 Full-Disk Encryption alongside macOS. It is not meant to be a
244 replacement for the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/installation_guide][Installation Guide]] or the former [[https://csdietz.github.io/arch-beginner-guide/][Beginner's Guide]].
245 Rather, it mostly serves as a small summary with a few useful notes
246 about the gotchas.
247
248 So, make sure you understand what you type into your terminal. If you
249 don't, checking out the Arch wiki should probably be your first step.
250
251 /Note:/ you will need internet access throughout the installation and
252 the MacBook Air's WiFi doesn't work out of the box on Arch. I
253 recommend using your phone's USB Tethering (if it does support it), or
254 using an Ethernet-USB adapter.
255
256 *** Shrinking the macOS partition
257
258 The first step I take is resizing the HFS+ macOS partition to make
259 room for the new {{{abbr(GNU/Linux)}}} installation. There are plenty
260 of tutorials on how to do this using macOS's Disk Utility, so do that
261 and then come back!
262
263 *** Creating a bootable Arch Installer USB
264
265 There are different ways of creating a bootable Arch USB, all
266 documented on the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/USB_flash_installation_media][USB flash installation media]] page on the Arch wiki,
267 but the simplest one is using =dd= if you already have access to
268 another UNIX system.
269
270 {{{span(red,Warning:)}}} make sure you backup the data on your flash
271 drive, as =dd= will irrevocably destroy all data on it.
272
273 Use =lsblk= to find the name (block device) of your USB drive, then
274 run =dd= (as root) as shown below:
275
276 #+begin_src bash
277 dd bs=4M if=/path/to/archlinux.iso of=/dev/sdx status=progress && sync
278 #+end_src
279
280 Replace =/path/to/archlinux.iso= with the path to the Arch image you
281 have downloaded, and =/dev/sdx= with your drive.
282
283 *** Booting up from the USB
284
285 After creating the install USB, reboot your laptop and hold the alt
286 key and boot into the USB.
287
288 When booting is complete and you're presented with the prompt, it's a
289 good time to make sure you're connected to the internet (see the
290 /note/ at the top of this post).
291
292 Use =ping= to verify that you've established a connection:
293
294 #+begin_src bash
295 ping archlinux.org
296 #+end_src
297
298 *** Updating the system clock
299
300 Once you're connected to the internet, make sure the system clock is
301 accurate:
302
303 #+begin_src bash
304 timedatectl set-ntp true # start and enable systemd-timesyncd
305 #+end_src
306
307 You can check the service status using =timedatectl status=.
308
309 *** Partitioning
310 :PROPERTIES:
311 :CUSTOM_ID: partitioning
312 :END:
313
314 I won't dive into partitioning and instead, I'll refer you to the
315 [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Partitioning][Partitioning]] page of Arch wiki. Of the available partitioning tools, I
316 personally prefer =cfdisk=.
317
318 *** Setting up LVM & LUKS
319
320 I use a [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dm-crypt/Encrypting_an_entire_system#LVM_on_LUKS][LVM on LUKS]] setup, where I set up LVM on top of the encrypted
321 partition.
322
323 First, let's set up the underlying encrypted partition:
324
325 #+begin_src bash
326 cryptsetup -v --cipher aes-xts-plain64 --key-size 512 --hash sha512 \
327 --iter-time 5000 --use-urandom -y luksFormat /dev/sdaX
328 #+end_src
329
330 where =/dev/sdaX= is the partition you created in the last step
331 (e.g. =/dev/sda4=). For more information about the =cryptsetup=
332 options, see the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dm-crypt/Device_encryption#Encryption_options_for_LUKS_mode][LUKS encryption options]].
333
334 Then we open the container:
335
336 #+begin_src bash
337 cryptsetup open --type luks /dev/sdaX lvm
338 #+end_src
339
340 Now it's time to use lvm and prepare the logical volume(s):
341
342 #+begin_src bash
343 pvcreate /dev/mapper/lvm
344 vgcreate vg /dev/mapper/lvm
345 lvcreate --extents +100%FREE -n root vg
346 #+end_src
347
348 This will create a physical volume on the mapping we just opened,
349 create a volume group named =vg= on the physical volume, and create a
350 logical volume named =root= that spans the entire volume group. More
351 complex setups are possible thanks to the great flexibility of lvm.
352
353 We now format the logical volume with =ext4=:
354
355 #+begin_src bash
356 mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg-root
357 #+end_src
358
359 *** Installing the base system
360
361 Let's mount the logical volume, make a directory for the mount point
362 of the boot partition, and mount the boot partition (=/dev/sda1=):
363
364 #+begin_src bash
365 mount /dev/mapper/vg-root /mnt
366 mkdir /mnt/boot
367 mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
368 #+end_src
369
370 Finally, let's install the base system (and optionally =base-devel=):
371
372 #+begin_src bash
373 pacstrap /mnt base base-devel
374 #+end_src
375
376 *** Configuring the system
377
378 Let's generate the fstab:
379
380 #+begin_src bash
381 genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
382 #+end_src
383
384 Use your favorite terminal-based editor, edit the fstab file and add
385 the =discard= option for the root partition to enable TRIM on the SSD.
386
387 Now we change root into our newly installed system and will configure
388 it. Adjust these according to your own setup.
389
390 #+begin_src bash
391 arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash
392 passwd # set the root password
393 echo myhostname > /etc/hostname # set the hostname
394 ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Canada/Eastern /etc/localtime # time zone
395 hwclock --systohc --utc # write system clock to hardware clock (UTC)
396 useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash myuser # create myuser
397 passwd myuser # set the password for myuser
398 echo "myuser ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" >> /etc/sudoers.d/myuser
399 # uncomment en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 and other needed locales in /etc/locale.gen
400 locale-gen
401 echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf
402 export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
403 #+end_src
404
405 Then adjust the initramfs hooks in =/etc/mkinitcpio.conf= and enable
406 the =encrypt= and =lvm2= hooks, and make sure =keyboard= is available
407 before =encrypt= so you can actually type in the LUKS password when
408 booting. Your =HOOKS= line should look similar to this:
409
410 #+begin_src
411 HOOKS="base udev autodetect modconf block keyboard encrypt lvm2 filesystems fsck"
412 #+end_src
413
414 After adjusting the hooks, build the initramfs:
415
416 #+begin_src bash
417 mkinitcpio -p linux
418 #+end_src
419
420 Now, install the =intel-ucode= package. We'll configure the bootloader
421 to enable intel microcode updates.
422
423 #+begin_src bash
424 pacman -S intel-ucode
425 #+end_src
426
427 Create the =/boot/loader/loader.conf= with the following content
428 (adjust the timeout to your liking):
429
430 #+begin_src
431 default arch
432 timeout 3
433 #+end_src
434
435 Then create the entry for Arch:
436
437 #+begin_src bash
438 mkdir -p /boot/loader/entries
439 touch /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf
440 #+end_src
441
442 Now edit =/boot/loader/entries/arch.conf= to specify the Arch entry:
443
444 #+begin_src
445 title Arch GNU/Linux
446 linux /vmlinuz-linux
447 initrd /intel-ucode.img
448 initrd /initramfs-linux.img
449 options cryptdevice=/dev/sdaX:vg:allow-discards root=/dev/mapper/vg-root rw
450 #+end_src
451
452 Again, =/dev/sdaX= is the partition you created in the [[#partitioning][partitioning]]
453 step as the underlying encrypted partition.
454
455 Finally, install the bootloader, exit the chroot, umount and reboot!
456
457 #+begin_src bash
458 bootctl install
459 exit
460 umount -R /mnt
461 reboot
462 #+end_src
463
464 *** Post-installation recommendations
465
466 Congratulations! You now have a minimal Arch installation.
467
468 At this point, I usually install my favorite AUR helper, [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/pacaur/][pacaur]], then
469 I install the [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/broadcom-wl-dkms/][broadcom-wl-dkms]] wireless driver and [[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/mba6x_bl-dkms/][mba6x_bl-dkms]]
470 backlight driver to fix the post suspend/resume issue where three's no
471 brightness after waking up from suspend, and the only available
472 brightness would be 100%.
473
474 #+begin_src bash
475 pacaur -S linux-headers dkms # linux-headers is required for dkms
476 pacaur -S broadcom-wl-dkms
477 pacaur -S mba6x_bl-dkms
478 #+end_src
479
480 Then, I'd like to install
481
482 - input, graphics, and sound drivers,
483 - a desktop environment (I prefer Xfce or LXQt),
484 - a display manager for login screen (lightdm or sddm), and
485 - a network manager (NetworkManager or ConnMan).
486
487 Check out the [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/General_recommendations][General recommendations]] for more details.
488
489 *** References
490
491 Here are some resources I've come across each with lots of useful bits
492 and pieces, about installing Arch on a MacBook:
493
494 - [[https://github.com/pandeiro/arch-on-air][pandeiro/arch-on-air]]
495 - [[https://loicpefferkorn.net/2015/01/arch-linux-on-macbook-pro-retina-2014-with-dm-crypt-lvm-and-suspend-to-disk/][Arch Linux on MacBook Pro Retina 2014 with DM-Crypt, LVM and suspend to disk]]
496 - [[http://frankshin.com/installing-archlinux-on-macbook-air-2013/][Installing Archlinux on Macbook Air 2013]]
497 - [[http://panks.me/posts/2013/06/arch-linux-installation-with-os-x-on-macbook-air-dual-boot/][Arch Linux Installation with OS X on Macbook Air (Dual Boot)]]
498 - [[https://visual-assault.org/2016/03/05/install-encrypted-arch-linux-on-apple-macbook-pro/][Installing (encrypted) Arch Linux on an Apple MacBook Pro]]
499 - [[http://alexeyzabelin.com/arch-on-mac][Installing Arch Linux on a MacBook Air 2013]]
500 - [[https://medium.com/phils-thought-bubble-of-recent-stuff/arch-linux-running-on-my-macbook-2ea525ebefe3][Arch Linux running on my MacBook]]
501 - [[http://codylittlewood.com/arch-linux-on-macbook-pro-installation/][Dual boot Arch Linux on MacBook Pro Installation]]
502
503
504 * Footnotes
505
506 [fn:1] Key summaries generated by including the =--list-key=,
507 =--with-fingerprint=, and =--with-subkey-fingerprint= switches along
508 with the key id when calling =gpg=.
509
510 * COMMENT Local Variables :ARCHIVE:
511 # Local Variables:
512 # org-hugo-footer: "\n\n[//]: # \"Exported with love from a post written in Org mode\"\n[//]: # \"- https://ox-hugo.scripter.co\""
513 # org-hugo-auto-export-on-save: t
514 # End: