yeah, awful commit descriptions; i know...
bandali-cv.pdf
images
-publications
+papers
+talks
+
+se212-f19/*.pdf
+se212-f19/*.png
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
- <title>404 not found</title>
+ <title>404 Not Found</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css" />
</head>
<body>
<main>
- <header>
- <h1 id="title"><a href="/">bandali</a></h1>
- <h2 id="subtitle">404 gone fishing</h2>
- </header>
- <section>
- <p>
- you should probably <a href="/">go home</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
+ <nav><a href="/">bandali.eu.org</a></nav>
+ <h1>404</h1>
+ <p>
+ Sorry, that page doesn’t exist.
+ </p>
</main>
</body>
</html>
--- /dev/null
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+ <head>
+ <meta charset="utf-8" />
+ <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
+ <title>How I do my Computing | Amin Bandali</title>
+ <meta
+ name="description"
+ content="Amin Bandali's Computing" />
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css" />
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ <nav><a href="/">bandali.eu.org</a> / bandali-computing.html</nav>
+ <main>
+ <h1>How I do my computing</h1>
+ <p>
+ (Inspired by computing pages of
+ <a href="https://stallman.org/stallman-computing.html">rms</a>
+ and
+ <a href="https://blog.vimuser.org/leah-computing.html">Leah Rowe</a>)
+ </p>
+
+ <h3>Computers</h3>
+ <p>
+ My main computer is a
+ soon-to-be-<a href="https://libreboot.org">librebooted</a>
+ ThinkPad X200. This is the machine I use the most in or out
+ the house. I also own and occasionally use a Dell XPS 15 more
+ as a “Desktop”, and a ThinkPad X220T tablet I use when reading
+ (and annotating) research papers.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ I also have the privilege of having access to a fleet of beefy
+ servers through our school’s
+ <a href="https://csclub.uwaterloo.ca/">Computer Science Club</a>,
+ which I use for some heavier computations every now and
+ again.
+ </p>
+
+ <h4>GNU/Linux distros</h4>
+ <p>
+ I’ve used a large number of GNU/Linux distributions
+ throughout the years, but as of late, my favourite distros
+ are
+ <a href="https://guix.gnu.org">Guix System</a>,
+ <a href="https://trisquel.info">Trisquel</a>, and
+ <a href="https://www.debian.org">Debian</a> (with no
+ <code>contrib</code> or <code>non-free</code>).
+ I mostly use the
+ <a href="https://www.fsfla.org/ikiwiki/selibre/linux-libre/">GNU Linux-libre</a>
+ kernel. Guix System comes with GNU Linux-libre out of
+ the box, and on Debian-based distros I install it from
+ jxself’s
+ <a href="https://jxself.org/linux-libre/">APT repository</a>.
+ </p>
+
+ <h4>Actual computing</h4>
+ <p>
+ I spend most of my time inside
+ <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/">GNU Emacs</a>.
+ </p>
+
+ <h3>Cell phone</h3>
+ <p>
+ I have an old Nexus 5 I reluctantly use from time to time.
+ It runs LineageOS+microG without GApps. Sadly it still
+ requires some blobs for functioning. I can’t wait for lxo’s
+ <a href="https://www.fsfla.org/ikiwiki/blogs/lxo/pub/0G">0G</a>
+ to become a reality fast enough :)
+ </p>
+ </main>
+ </body>
+</html>
--- /dev/null
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+ <head>
+ <meta charset="utf-8" />
+ <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
+ <title>Curriculum Vitae | Amin Bandali</title>
+ <meta
+ name="description"
+ content="Amin Bandali's curriculum vitae" />
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css" />
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ <nav><a href="/">bandali.eu.org</a> / bandali-cv.html</nav>
+ <main>
+ <h1>Curriculum vitae (<a href="bandali-cv.pdf">PDF</a>)</h1>
+ <!-- <p>
+ <a href="bandali-cv.pdf">Download PDF version</a>
+ </p> -->
+ <table>
+ <tbody>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Site</td>
+ <td><a href="https://bandali.eu.org">bandali.eu.org</a></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Email</td>
+ <td>bandali@uwaterloo.ca</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Phone</td>
+ <td>available upon request via email</td>
+ </tr>
+ </tbody>
+ </table>
+
+
+ <h3>Education</h3>
+ <h4>Master of Mathematics (Computer Science) | 2018–present</h4>
+ <p>University of Waterloo, Canada</p>
+ <p>
+ Supervised by Dr. Nancy Day | GPA: 3.7/4.0 | Expected completion: December 2019
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Research focusing on formal logic, model checking, and verification.
+ </p>
+
+ <h4>B.Sc. Honours Computer Science | 2013–2017</h4>
+ <p>York University, Toronto, Canada</p>
+ <p>GPA: 7.84/9.0</p>
+ <p>
+ Relevant courses: System Specification & Refinement, Software Requirements Eng., Software
+ Design, Operating Systems, Computational Complexity, Design & Analysis of Algorithms.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Finished first year (2013-14) at <em>Carleton University</em> with a GPA of 11.0/12.0, then
+ transferred to <em>York University</em> in fall 2014.
+ </p>
+
+
+ <h3>Publications</h3>
+ <p>Listed on my <a href="/#papers">home page</a>.</p>
+
+
+ <h3>Work & Research Experience</h3>
+
+ <h4>Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo | 2018–present</h4>
+ <p>
+ Instructional Apprentice, Teaching Assistant, Research Assistant
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ <abbr title="Logic and Computation">SE 212</abbr>:
+ <abbr title="Instructional Apprentice">IA</abbr> in Fall 2019,
+ <abbr title="Teaching Assistant">TA</abbr> in Fall 2018</li>
+ <li>
+ <abbr
+ title="Software Requirements Specification and Analysis">
+ SE 463</abbr>: TA in Summer 2019 and 2018</li>
+ <li>
+ <abbr
+ title="Elementary Algorithm Design and Data Abstraction">
+ CS 136</abbr>: TA in Winter 2018</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <h4>
+ <abbr title="Electrical Engineering & Computer Science">
+ EECS</abbr> Department, York University | Fall 2017</h4>
+ <p>Teaching Assistant</p>
+ <p><abbr title="Net-Centric Introduction to Computing">EECS
+ 1012</abbr>: TA in Fall 2017
+ </p>
+ </main>
+ </body>
+</html>
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+++ /dev/null
-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html lang="en">
- <head>
- <meta charset="utf-8" />
- <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
- <title>How I do my Computing — Bandali</title>
- <meta
- name="description"
- content="Amin Bandali's Computing" />
- <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css" />
- </head>
- <body>
- <main>
- <header>
- <h1 id="title"><a href="/">bandali</a></h1>
- <h2 id="subtitle">How I do my computing</h2>
- </header>
- <section>
- <p>
- (Inspired by computing pages of
- <a href="https://stallman.org/stallman-computing.html">rms</a>
- and
- <a href="https://blog.vimuser.org/leah-computing.html">Leah Rowe</a>)
- </p>
- </section>
-
- <h3>Computers</h3>
- <section>
- <p>
- My main computer is a
- soon-to-be-<a href="https://libreboot.org">librebooted</a>
- ThinkPad X200. This is the machine I use the most in or out
- the house. I also own and occasionally use a Dell XPS 15
- more as a “Desktop”, and a ThinkPad X220T tablet I use when
- reading (and annotating) research papers.
- </p>
-
- <p>
- I also have the privilege of having access to a fleet of
- beefy servers through our school’s
- <a href="https://csclub.uwaterloo.ca/">Computer Science Club</a>,
- which I use for some heavier computations every now and
- again.
- </p>
-
- <h4>GNU/Linux distros</h4>
- <p>
- I’ve used a large number of GNU/Linux distributions
- throughout the years, but as of late, my favourite distros
- are
- <a href="https://guix.gnu.org">Guix System</a>,
- <a href="https://trisquel.info">Trisquel</a>, and
- <a href="https://www.debian.org">Debian</a> (with no
- <code>contrib</code> or <code>nonfree</code>). I’m also
- hoping to find some free time to help with the
- <a href="https://lists.nongnu.org/r/gnewsense-dev/2019-08/msg00001.html">rebooting</a>
- of <a href="http://www.gnewsense.org">gNewSense</a>.
- I mostly use the
- <a href="https://www.fsfla.org/ikiwiki/selibre/linux-libre/">Linux-libre</a>
- kernel. Guix System comes with Linux-libre by default,
- and on Debian-based distros I install it from jxself’s
- <a href="https://jxself.org/linux-libre/">APT repository</a>.
- </p>
-
- <h4>Actual computing</h4>
- <p>
- I spend most of my time inside
- <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/">GNU Emacs</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
-
- <h3>Cell phone</h3>
- <section>
- <p>
- I have an old Nexus 5 I reluctantly use from time to time.
- It runs LineageOS+microG without GApps. Sadly it still
- requires some blobs for functioning. I can’t wait for lxo’s
- <a href="https://www.fsfla.org/ikiwiki/blogs/lxo/pub/0G">0G</a>
- to become a reality fast enough :)
- </p>
- </section>
- </main>
- </body>
-</html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
- <title>Amin Bandali's Contact Information</title>
+ <title>Contact Information | Amin Bandali</title>
<meta
name="description"
content="Amin Bandali's contact information" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css" />
</head>
<body>
+ <nav><a href="/">bandali.eu.org</a> / contact.html</nav>
<main>
- <header>
- <h1 id="title"><a href="/">bandali</a></h1>
- <h2 id="subtitle">Contact info</h2>
- </header>
- <section>
- <p>
- Email is by far my preferred method of communication. I may
- be contacted at bandali at gnu dot org.
- If you want to send me GPG-encrypted mail, you can use my
- <a href="bandali-pubkey.txt">public key</a> with the
- fingerprint<br/>
- <code>
- BE62 7373 8E61 6D6D 1B3A 08E8 A21A 0202 4881 6103</code>.
- </p>
+ <h1>Contact information</h1>
+ <p>
+ Email is by far my preferred method of communication. I may
+ be contacted at any of the following addresses (choose the
+ most closely related):
- <table>
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td>IRC</td>
- <td>
- <code>bandali</code> on
- <a href="https://freenode.net">freenode</a> and
- <a href="https://wiki.mozilla.org/IRC">moznet</a>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>XMPP</td>
- <td><a href="xmpp:bandali@member.fsf.org">
- <code>bandali@member.fsf.org</code></a>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Matrix</td>
- <td><a href="https://matrix.to/#/@bandali:matrix.org">
- <code>@bandali:matrix.org</code></a>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Fediverse</td>
- <td><a href="https://pleroma.site/bandali">
- <code>@bandali@pleroma.site</code></a>
- </td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
- </section>
-
- <h3>Elsewhere</h3>
- <section>
- <p>
- You may also find me at a few other places online. Stricken
- through accounts are those I don’t use anymore, unless
- absolutely necessary.
- </p>
<ul>
- <li><a href="https://libreplanet.org/wiki/User:Bandali">Bandali</a> on LibrePlanet</li>
- <li><a href="https://emacsconf.org/bandali">bandali</a> on EmacsConf</li>
- <li><a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/bandali">bandali</a> on Savannah</li>
- <li><a href="https://git.sr.ht/~bandali">bandali</a> on SourceHut</li>
- <li><a href="https://lobste.rs/u/bandali">bandali</a> on Lobsters</li>
- <li><a href="https://hackage.haskell.org/user/bandali">bandali</a> on Hackage</li>
- <li><a href="https://gitlab.com/bandali">bandali</a> on GitLab</li>
- <li><a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/user?id=bandali">bandali</a> on HN</li>
- <li><a href="https://www.reddit.com/u/bandali">bandali</a> on reddit</li>
- <li><del><a href="https://github.com/bandali0">bandali0</a> on GitHub</del></li>
- <li><del><a href="https://twitter.com/bandali0">bandali0</a> on Twitter</del></li>
+ <li>bandali@gnu.org</li>
+ <li>bandali@uwaterloo.ca</li>
+ <li>bandali@csclub.uwaterloo.ca</li>
</ul>
- </section>
+
+ If you want to send me GPG-encrypted mail, you can use my
+ <a href="bandali-pubkey.txt">public key</a> with the
+ fingerprint
+ <code>BE62 7373 8E61 6D6D 1B3A 08E8 A21A 0202 4881 6103</code>.
+ </p>
+
+ <table>
+ <tbody>
+ <tr>
+ <td>IRC</td>
+ <td>
+ bandali on
+ <a href="https://freenode.net">freenode</a> and
+ <a href="https://wiki.mozilla.org/IRC">moznet</a>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>XMPP</td>
+ <td>
+ <a href="xmpp:bandali@member.fsf.org">
+ bandali@member.fsf.org</a>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Matrix</td>
+ <td><a href="https://matrix.to/#/@bandali:matrix.org">
+ @bandali:matrix.org</a>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Fediverse</td>
+ <td><a href="https://pleroma.site/bandali">
+ @bandali@pleroma.site</a>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </tbody>
+ </table>
+
+ <h3>Elsewhere</h3>
+ <p>
+ You may also find me at a few other places online. Stricken
+ through accounts are those I don’t use anymore, unless
+ absolutely necessary.
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="https://libreplanet.org/wiki/User:Bandali">bandali</a> on LibrePlanet</li>
+ <li><a href="https://emacsconf.org/bandali">bandali</a> on EmacsConf</li>
+ <li><a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/users/bandali">bandali</a> on Savannah</li>
+ <li><a href="https://git.sr.ht/~bandali">bandali</a> on SourceHut</li>
+ <li><a href="https://lobste.rs/u/bandali">bandali</a> on Lobsters</li>
+ <li><a href="https://hackage.haskell.org/user/bandali">bandali</a> on Hackage</li>
+ <li><a href="https://gitlab.com/bandali">bandali</a> on GitLab</li>
+ <li><a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/user?id=bandali">bandali</a> on HN</li>
+ <li><a href="https://www.reddit.com/u/bandali">bandali</a> on reddit</li>
+ <li><del><a href="https://github.com/bandali0">bandali0</a> on GitHub</del></li>
+ <li><del><a href="https://twitter.com/bandali0">bandali0</a> on Twitter</del></li>
+ </ul>
</main>
</body>
</html>
+++ /dev/null
-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html lang="en">
- <head>
- <meta charset="utf-8" />
- <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
- <title>Amin Bandali's Curriculum Vitae</title>
- <meta
- name="description"
- content="Amin Bandali's curriculum vitae" />
- <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css" />
- </head>
- <body>
- <main>
- <header>
- <h1 id="title"><a href="/">bandali</a></h1>
- <h2 id="subtitle">Curriculum Vitae (<a href="bandali-cv.pdf">PDF</a>)</h2>
- </header>
- <section>
- <!-- <p>
- <a href="bandali-cv.pdf">Download PDF version</a>
- </p> -->
- <table>
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td>Site</td>
- <td><a href="https://bandali.eu.org">bandali.eu.org</a></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Email</td>
- <td>bandali at uwaterloo dot ca</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Phone</td>
- <td>available upon request via email</td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
- </section>
-
- <section>
- <h3>Education</h3>
- <h4>Master of Mathematics (Computer Science) | 2018-present</h4>
- <p>University of Waterloo, Canada</p>
- <p>
- Supervised by Dr. Nancy Day | GPA: 3.7/4.0 | Expected completion: December 2019
- </p>
- <p>
- Research focusing on formal logic, model checking, and verification.
- </p>
-
- <h4>B.Sc. Honours Computer Science | 2013-2017</h4>
- <p>York University, Toronto, Canada</p>
- <p>GPA: 7.84/9.0</p>
- <p>
- Relevant courses: System Specification & Refinement, Software Requirements Eng., Software
- Design, Operating Systems, Computational Complexity, Design & Analysis of Algorithms.
- </p>
- <p>
- Finished first year (2013-14) at <em>Carleton University</em> with a GPA of 11.0/12.0, then
- transferred to <em>York University</em> in fall 2014.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section>
- <h3>Publications</h3>
- <p>See my <a href="/publications">publications</a> page.
- </section>
- </main>
- </body>
-</html>
--- /dev/null
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en">
+ <head>
+ <meta charset="utf-8" />
+ <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
+ <title>GNU General Public License v3.0</title>
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css" />
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ <main style="font-size: 0.92em;
+ max-width: 55em;
+ line-height: 1.5;
+ margin-bottom: 1em">
+ <h3 style="text-align: center;">GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE</h3>
+ <p style="text-align: center;">Version 3, 29 June 2007</p>
+
+ <p>Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ <<a href="https://fsf.org/">https://fsf.org/</a>></p><p>
+ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
+ of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.</p>
+
+ <h3><a name="preamble"></a>Preamble</h3>
+
+ <p>The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
+ software and other kinds of works.</p>
+
+ <p>The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
+ to take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast,
+ the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to
+ share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free
+ software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
+ GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
+ any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply it to
+ your programs, too.</p>
+
+ <p>When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
+ price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
+ have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
+ them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
+ want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new
+ free programs, and that you know you can do these things.</p>
+
+ <p>To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you
+ these rights or asking you to surrender the rights. Therefore, you have
+ certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if
+ you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.</p>
+
+ <p>For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
+ gratis or for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same
+ freedoms that you received. You must make sure that they, too, receive
+ or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they
+ know their rights.</p>
+
+ <p>Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps:
+ (1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this License
+ giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it.</p>
+
+ <p>For the developers' and authors' protection, the GPL clearly explains
+ that there is no warranty for this free software. For both users' and
+ authors' sake, the GPL requires that modified versions be marked as
+ changed, so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to
+ authors of previous versions.</p>
+
+ <p>Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run
+ modified versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer
+ can do so. This is fundamentally incompatible with the aim of
+ protecting users' freedom to change the software. The systematic
+ pattern of such abuse occurs in the area of products for individuals to
+ use, which is precisely where it is most unacceptable. Therefore, we
+ have designed this version of the GPL to prohibit the practice for those
+ products. If such problems arise substantially in other domains, we
+ stand ready to extend this provision to those domains in future versions
+ of the GPL, as needed to protect the freedom of users.</p>
+
+ <p>Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents.
+ States should not allow patents to restrict development and use of
+ software on general-purpose computers, but in those that do, we wish to
+ avoid the special danger that patents applied to a free program could
+ make it effectively proprietary. To prevent this, the GPL assures that
+ patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.</p>
+
+ <p>The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
+ modification follow.</p>
+
+ <h3><a name="terms"></a>TERMS AND CONDITIONS</h3>
+
+ <h4><a name="section0"></a>0. Definitions.</h4>
+
+ <p>“This License” refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License.</p>
+
+ <p>“Copyright” also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds of
+ works, such as semiconductor masks.</p>
+
+ <p>“The Program” refers to any copyrightable work licensed under this
+ License. Each licensee is addressed as “you”. “Licensees” and
+ “recipients” may be individuals or organizations.</p>
+
+ <p>To “modify” a work means to copy from or adapt all or part of the work
+ in a fashion requiring copyright permission, other than the making of an
+ exact copy. The resulting work is called a “modified version” of the
+ earlier work or a work “based on” the earlier work.</p>
+
+ <p>A “covered work” means either the unmodified Program or a work based
+ on the Program.</p>
+
+ <p>To “propagate” a work means to do anything with it that, without
+ permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for
+ infringement under applicable copyright law, except executing it on a
+ computer or modifying a private copy. Propagation includes copying,
+ distribution (with or without modification), making available to the
+ public, and in some countries other activities as well.</p>
+
+ <p>To “convey” a work means any kind of propagation that enables other
+ parties to make or receive copies. Mere interaction with a user through
+ a computer network, with no transfer of a copy, is not conveying.</p>
+
+ <p>An interactive user interface displays “Appropriate Legal Notices”
+ to the extent that it includes a convenient and prominently visible
+ feature that (1) displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2)
+ tells the user that there is no warranty for the work (except to the
+ extent that warranties are provided), that licensees may convey the
+ work under this License, and how to view a copy of this License. If
+ the interface presents a list of user commands or options, such as a
+ menu, a prominent item in the list meets this criterion.</p>
+
+ <h4><a name="section1"></a>1. Source Code.</h4>
+
+ <p>The “source code” for a work means the preferred form of the work
+ for making modifications to it. “Object code” means any non-source
+ form of a work.</p>
+
+ <p>A “Standard Interface” means an interface that either is an official
+ standard defined by a recognized standards body, or, in the case of
+ interfaces specified for a particular programming language, one that
+ is widely used among developers working in that language.</p>
+
+ <p>The “System Libraries” of an executable work include anything, other
+ than the work as a whole, that (a) is included in the normal form of
+ packaging a Major Component, but which is not part of that Major
+ Component, and (b) serves only to enable use of the work with that
+ Major Component, or to implement a Standard Interface for which an
+ implementation is available to the public in source code form. A
+ “Major Component”, in this context, means a major essential component
+ (kernel, window system, and so on) of the specific operating system
+ (if any) on which the executable work runs, or a compiler used to
+ produce the work, or an object code interpreter used to run it.</p>
+
+ <p>The “Corresponding Source” for a work in object code form means all
+ the source code needed to generate, install, and (for an executable
+ work) run the object code and to modify the work, including scripts to
+ control those activities. However, it does not include the work's
+ System Libraries, or general-purpose tools or generally available free
+ programs which are used unmodified in performing those activities but
+ which are not part of the work. For example, Corresponding Source
+ includes interface definition files associated with source files for
+ the work, and the source code for shared libraries and dynamically
+ linked subprograms that the work is specifically designed to require,
+ such as by intimate data communication or control flow between those
+ subprograms and other parts of the work.</p>
+
+ <p>The Corresponding Source need not include anything that users
+ can regenerate automatically from other parts of the Corresponding
+ Source.</p>
+
+ <p>The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that
+ same work.</p>
+
+ <h4><a name="section2"></a>2. Basic Permissions.</h4>
+
+ <p>All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of
+ copyright on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated
+ conditions are met. This License explicitly affirms your unlimited
+ permission to run the unmodified Program. The output from running a
+ covered work is covered by this License only if the output, given its
+ content, constitutes a covered work. This License acknowledges your
+ rights of fair use or other equivalent, as provided by copyright law.</p>
+
+ <p>You may make, run and propagate covered works that you do not
+ convey, without conditions so long as your license otherwise remains
+ in force. You may convey covered works to others for the sole purpose
+ of having them make modifications exclusively for you, or provide you
+ with facilities for running those works, provided that you comply with
+ the terms of this License in conveying all material for which you do
+ not control copyright. Those thus making or running the covered works
+ for you must do so exclusively on your behalf, under your direction
+ and control, on terms that prohibit them from making any copies of
+ your copyrighted material outside their relationship with you.</p>
+
+ <p>Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted solely under
+ the conditions stated below. Sublicensing is not allowed; section 10
+ makes it unnecessary.</p>
+
+ <h4><a name="section3"></a>3. Protecting Users' Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.</h4>
+
+ <p>No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective technological
+ measure under any applicable law fulfilling obligations under article
+ 11 of the WIPO copyright treaty adopted on 20 December 1996, or
+ similar laws prohibiting or restricting circumvention of such
+ measures.</p>
+
+ <p>When you convey a covered work, you waive any legal power to forbid
+ circumvention of technological measures to the extent such circumvention
+ is effected by exercising rights under this License with respect to
+ the covered work, and you disclaim any intention to limit operation or
+ modification of the work as a means of enforcing, against the work's
+ users, your or third parties' legal rights to forbid circumvention of
+ technological measures.</p>
+
+ <h4><a name="section4"></a>4. Conveying Verbatim Copies.</h4>
+
+ <p>You may convey verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you
+ receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and
+ appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice;
+ keep intact all notices stating that this License and any
+ non-permissive terms added in accord with section 7 apply to the code;
+ keep intact all notices of the absence of any warranty; and give all
+ recipients a copy of this License along with the Program.</p>
+
+ <p>You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey,
+ and you may offer support or warranty protection for a fee.</p>
+
+ <h4><a name="section5"></a>5. Conveying Modified Source Versions.</h4>
+
+ <p>You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to
+ produce it from the Program, in the form of source code under the
+ terms of section 4, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:</p>
+
+ <ul>
+ <li>a) The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified
+ it, and giving a relevant date.</li>
+
+ <li>b) The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is
+ released under this License and any conditions added under section
+ 7. This requirement modifies the requirement in section 4 to
+ “keep intact all notices”.</li>
+
+ <li>c) You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this
+ License to anyone who comes into possession of a copy. This
+ License will therefore apply, along with any applicable section 7
+ additional terms, to the whole of the work, and all its parts,
+ regardless of how they are packaged. This License gives no
+ permission to license the work in any other way, but it does not
+ invalidate such permission if you have separately received it.</li>
+
+ <li>d) If the work has interactive user interfaces, each must display
+ Appropriate Legal Notices; however, if the Program has interactive
+ interfaces that do not display Appropriate Legal Notices, your
+ work need not make them do so.</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <p>A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent
+ works, which are not by their nature extensions of the covered work,
+ and which are not combined with it such as to form a larger program,
+ in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an
+ “aggregate” if the compilation and its resulting copyright are not
+ used to limit the access or legal rights of the compilation's users
+ beyond what the individual works permit. Inclusion of a covered work
+ in an aggregate does not cause this License to apply to the other
+ parts of the aggregate.</p>
+
+ <h4><a name="section6"></a>6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.</h4>
+
+ <p>You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms
+ of sections 4 and 5, provided that you also convey the
+ machine-readable Corresponding Source under the terms of this License,
+ in one of these ways:</p>
+
+ <ul>
+ <li>a) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
+ (including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by the
+ Corresponding Source fixed on a durable physical medium
+ customarily used for software interchange.</li>
+
+ <li>b) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
+ (including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by a
+ written offer, valid for at least three years and valid for as
+ long as you offer spare parts or customer support for that product
+ model, to give anyone who possesses the object code either (1) a
+ copy of the Corresponding Source for all the software in the
+ product that is covered by this License, on a durable physical
+ medium customarily used for software interchange, for a price no
+ more than your reasonable cost of physically performing this
+ conveying of source, or (2) access to copy the
+ Corresponding Source from a network server at no charge.</li>
+
+ <li>c) Convey individual copies of the object code with a copy of the
+ written offer to provide the Corresponding Source. This
+ alternative is allowed only occasionally and noncommercially, and
+ only if you received the object code with such an offer, in accord
+ with subsection 6b.</li>
+
+ <li>d) Convey the object code by offering access from a designated
+ place (gratis or for a charge), and offer equivalent access to the
+ Corresponding Source in the same way through the same place at no
+ further charge. You need not require recipients to copy the
+ Corresponding Source along with the object code. If the place to
+ copy the object code is a network server, the Corresponding Source
+ may be on a different server (operated by you or a third party)
+ that supports equivalent copying facilities, provided you maintain
+ clear directions next to the object code saying where to find the
+ Corresponding Source. Regardless of what server hosts the
+ Corresponding Source, you remain obligated to ensure that it is
+ available for as long as needed to satisfy these requirements.</li>
+
+ <li>e) Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided
+ you inform other peers where the object code and Corresponding
+ Source of the work are being offered to the general public at no
+ charge under subsection 6d.</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <p>A separable portion of the object code, whose source code is excluded
+ from the Corresponding Source as a System Library, need not be
+ included in conveying the object code work.</p>
+
+ <p>A “User Product” is either (1) a “consumer product”, which means any
+ tangible personal property which is normally used for personal, family,
+ or household purposes, or (2) anything designed or sold for incorporation
+ into a dwelling. In determining whether a product is a consumer product,
+ doubtful cases shall be resolved in favor of coverage. For a particular
+ product received by a particular user, “normally used” refers to a
+ typical or common use of that class of product, regardless of the status
+ of the particular user or of the way in which the particular user
+ actually uses, or expects or is expected to use, the product. A product
+ is a consumer product regardless of whether the product has substantial
+ commercial, industrial or non-consumer uses, unless such uses represent
+ the only significant mode of use of the product.</p>
+
+ <p>“Installation Information” for a User Product means any methods,
+ procedures, authorization keys, or other information required to install
+ and execute modified versions of a covered work in that User Product from
+ a modified version of its Corresponding Source. The information must
+ suffice to ensure that the continued functioning of the modified object
+ code is in no case prevented or interfered with solely because
+ modification has been made.</p>
+
+ <p>If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or
+ specifically for use in, a User Product, and the conveying occurs as
+ part of a transaction in which the right of possession and use of the
+ User Product is transferred to the recipient in perpetuity or for a
+ fixed term (regardless of how the transaction is characterized), the
+ Corresponding Source conveyed under this section must be accompanied
+ by the Installation Information. But this requirement does not apply
+ if neither you nor any third party retains the ability to install
+ modified object code on the User Product (for example, the work has
+ been installed in ROM).</p>
+
+ <p>The requirement to provide Installation Information does not include a
+ requirement to continue to provide support service, warranty, or updates
+ for a work that has been modified or installed by the recipient, or for
+ the User Product in which it has been modified or installed. Access to a
+ network may be denied when the modification itself materially and
+ adversely affects the operation of the network or violates the rules and
+ protocols for communication across the network.</p>
+
+ <p>Corresponding Source conveyed, and Installation Information provided,
+ in accord with this section must be in a format that is publicly
+ documented (and with an implementation available to the public in
+ source code form), and must require no special password or key for
+ unpacking, reading or copying.</p>
+
+ <h4><a name="section7"></a>7. Additional Terms.</h4>
+
+ <p>“Additional permissions” are terms that supplement the terms of this
+ License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions.
+ Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall
+ be treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent
+ that they are valid under applicable law. If additional permissions
+ apply only to part of the Program, that part may be used separately
+ under those permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by
+ this License without regard to the additional permissions.</p>
+
+ <p>When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option
+ remove any additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of
+ it. (Additional permissions may be written to require their own
+ removal in certain cases when you modify the work.) You may place
+ additional permissions on material, added by you to a covered work,
+ for which you have or can give appropriate copyright permission.</p>
+
+ <p>Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you
+ add to a covered work, you may (if authorized by the copyright holders of
+ that material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:</p>
+
+ <ul>
+ <li>a) Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the
+ terms of sections 15 and 16 of this License; or</li>
+
+ <li>b) Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+ author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+ Notices displayed by works containing it; or</li>
+
+ <li>c) Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material, or
+ requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+ reasonable ways as different from the original version; or</li>
+
+ <li>d) Limiting the use for publicity purposes of names of licensors or
+ authors of the material; or</li>
+
+ <li>e) Declining to grant rights under trademark law for use of some
+ trade names, trademarks, or service marks; or</li>
+
+ <li>f) Requiring indemnification of licensors and authors of that
+ material by anyone who conveys the material (or modified versions of
+ it) with contractual assumptions of liability to the recipient, for
+ any liability that these contractual assumptions directly impose on
+ those licensors and authors.</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <p>All other non-permissive additional terms are considered “further
+ restrictions” within the meaning of section 10. If the Program as you
+ received it, or any part of it, contains a notice stating that it is
+ governed by this License along with a term that is a further
+ restriction, you may remove that term. If a license document contains
+ a further restriction but permits relicensing or conveying under this
+ License, you may add to a covered work material governed by the terms
+ of that license document, provided that the further restriction does
+ not survive such relicensing or conveying.</p>
+
+ <p>If you add terms to a covered work in accord with this section, you
+ must place, in the relevant source files, a statement of the
+ additional terms that apply to those files, or a notice indicating
+ where to find the applicable terms.</p>
+
+ <p>Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the
+ form of a separately written license, or stated as exceptions;
+ the above requirements apply either way.</p>
+
+ <h4><a name="section8"></a>8. Termination.</h4>
+
+ <p>You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly
+ provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to propagate or
+ modify it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under
+ this License (including any patent licenses granted under the third
+ paragraph of section 11).</p>
+
+ <p>However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your
+ license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a)
+ provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and
+ finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright
+ holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means
+ prior to 60 days after the cessation.</p>
+
+ <p>Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
+ reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
+ violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
+ received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
+ copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
+ your receipt of the notice.</p>
+
+ <p>Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
+ licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
+ this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
+ reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same
+ material under section 10.</p>
+
+ <h4><a name="section9"></a>9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.</h4>
+
+ <p>You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or
+ run a copy of the Program. Ancillary propagation of a covered work
+ occurring solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission
+ to receive a copy likewise does not require acceptance. However,
+ nothing other than this License grants you permission to propagate or
+ modify any covered work. These actions infringe copyright if you do
+ not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or propagating a
+ covered work, you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so.</p>
+
+ <h4><a name="section10"></a>10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.</h4>
+
+ <p>Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically
+ receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modify and
+ propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible
+ for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License.</p>
+
+ <p>An “entity transaction” is a transaction transferring control of an
+ organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an
+ organization, or merging organizations. If propagation of a covered
+ work results from an entity transaction, each party to that
+ transaction who receives a copy of the work also receives whatever
+ licenses to the work the party's predecessor in interest had or could
+ give under the previous paragraph, plus a right to possession of the
+ Corresponding Source of the work from the predecessor in interest, if
+ the predecessor has it or can get it with reasonable efforts.</p>
+
+ <p>You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the
+ rights granted or affirmed under this License. For example, you may
+ not impose a license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of
+ rights granted under this License, and you may not initiate litigation
+ (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that
+ any patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, offering for
+ sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.</p>
+
+ <h4><a name="section11"></a>11. Patents.</h4>
+
+ <p>A “contributor” is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this
+ License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The
+ work thus licensed is called the contributor's “contributor version”.</p>
+
+ <p>A contributor's “essential patent claims” are all patent claims
+ owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
+ hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted
+ by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version,
+ but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a
+ consequence of further modification of the contributor version. For
+ purposes of this definition, “control” includes the right to grant
+ patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of
+ this License.</p>
+
+ <p>Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free
+ patent license under the contributor's essential patent claims, to
+ make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and
+ propagate the contents of its contributor version.</p>
+
+ <p>In the following three paragraphs, a “patent license” is any express
+ agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent
+ (such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to
+ sue for patent infringement). To “grant” such a patent license to a
+ party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a
+ patent against the party.</p>
+
+ <p>If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license,
+ and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone
+ to copy, free of charge and under the terms of this License, through a
+ publicly available network server or other readily accessible means,
+ then you must either (1) cause the Corresponding Source to be so
+ available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the
+ patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner
+ consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent
+ license to downstream recipients. “Knowingly relying” means you have
+ actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the
+ covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work
+ in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that
+ country that you have reason to believe are valid.</p>
+
+ <p>If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
+ arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
+ covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
+ receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify
+ or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license
+ you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered
+ work and works based on it.</p>
+
+ <p>A patent license is “discriminatory” if it does not include within
+ the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
+ conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
+ specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a covered
+ work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is
+ in the business of distributing software, under which you make payment
+ to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying
+ the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the
+ parties who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory
+ patent license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work
+ conveyed by you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily
+ for and in connection with specific products or compilations that
+ contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement,
+ or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.</p>
+
+ <p>Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
+ any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
+ otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.</p>
+
+ <h4><a name="section12"></a>12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.</h4>
+
+ <p>If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
+ otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
+ excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a
+ covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
+ License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
+ not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
+ to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey
+ the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this
+ License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.</p>
+
+ <h4><a name="section13"></a>13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.</h4>
+
+ <p>Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
+ permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
+ under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
+ combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this
+ License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
+ but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
+ section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
+ combination as such.</p>
+
+ <h4><a name="section14"></a>14. Revised Versions of this License.</h4>
+
+ <p>The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
+ the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
+ be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
+ address new problems or concerns.</p>
+
+ <p>Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
+ Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General
+ Public License “or any later version” applies to it, you have the
+ option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered
+ version or of any later version published by the Free Software
+ Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the
+ GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published
+ by the Free Software Foundation.</p>
+
+ <p>If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
+ versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's
+ public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you
+ to choose that version for the Program.</p>
+
+ <p>Later license versions may give you additional or different
+ permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
+ author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
+ later version.</p>
+
+ <h4><a name="section15"></a>15. Disclaimer of Warranty.</h4>
+
+ <p>THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
+ APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
+ HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY
+ OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+ PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
+ IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
+ ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.</p>
+
+ <h4><a name="section16"></a>16. Limitation of Liability.</h4>
+
+ <p>IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
+ WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
+ THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
+ GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
+ USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
+ DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
+ PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
+ EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ SUCH DAMAGES.</p>
+
+ <h4><a name="section17"></a>17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.</h4>
+
+ <p>If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
+ above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
+ reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
+ an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
+ Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
+ copy of the Program in return for a fee.</p>
+
+ <p>END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS</p>
+
+ <h3><a name="howto"></a>How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs</h3>
+
+ <p>If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
+ possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
+ free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.</p>
+
+ <p>To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
+ to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
+ state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
+ the “copyright” line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.</p>
+
+ <pre> <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
+ Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
+
+ This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ (at your option) any later version.
+
+ This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ </pre>
+
+ <p>Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.</p>
+
+ <p>If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
+ notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:</p>
+
+ <pre> <program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
+ This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
+ This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
+ under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
+ </pre>
+
+ <p>The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
+ parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
+ might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an “about box”.</p>
+
+ <p>You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
+ if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” for the program, if necessary.
+ For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
+ <<a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/">https://www.gnu.org/licenses/</a>>.</p>
+
+ <p>The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
+ into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
+ may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
+ the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
+ Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
+ <<a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html">https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html</a>>.</p>
+ </main>
+ </body>
+</html>
-<!DOCTYPE html>
+<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css" />
</head>
<body>
+ <nav><span>bandali.eu.org</span></nav>
<main>
- <header>
- <h1 id="title">bandali</h1>
- <h2 id="subtitle">my corner of the interwebs</h2>
- </header>
+ <h1 id="hiddentitle">Amin Bandali</h1>
<section>
<p>
Hi, I’m
<a href="images/bandali-with-rms.jpg"
- title="photo of bandali with rms wearing a “pay cash don’t be tracked” pin">Amin Bandali</a>,
- often just <code>bandali</code> around the web.
- </p>
- </section>
- <h3>Academia</h3>
- <section>
- <nav>
- <ul id="academia">
- <li><a href="cv">CV</a></li>
- <li><a href="publications">Publications</a></li>
- <li><a href="research">Research interests</a></li>
- </ul>
- </nav>
- <p>
+ title="photo of bandali with rms wearing a “pay cash don’t be tracked” pin">Amin Bandali</a>.
I’m a graduate student at <a href="https://watform.uwaterloo.ca">WatForm</a>
at University of Waterloo, supervised by
<a href="https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~nday/">Dr. Nancy Day</a>.
- My research at WatForm focuses on formal logic, model
- checking, and verification. See my research interests link
- above for more details.
+ The main goal of my research is improving
+ <strong>software and systems reliability</strong>
+ through application of <em>formal methods</em>.
</p>
- </section>
- <h3>Personal</h3>
- <section>
- <nav>
- <ul id="personal">
- <li><a href="blog">Blog</a></li>
- <li><a href="now">Now</a></li>
- <li><a href="computing">Computing</a></li>
- <li><a href="contact">Contact</a></li>
- </ul>
- </nav>
+
<p>
- I’m a <a href="https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html">Free Software</a>
- and <a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/copyleft.html">Copyleft</a> activist,
- an <a href="https://www.fsf.org/associate/">FSF associate member</a>,
- and a <a href="https://www.gnu.org/people/webmeisters.html#bandali">GNU webmaster</a>
- and volunteer. I co-host the <a href="https://emacsel.com">Emacs.el</a> podcast,
- and I’m organizing <a href="https://emacsconf.org/2019/">EmacsConf 2019</a> this fall.
+ My research at WatForm focuses on formal logic, model
+ checking, and verification. I’m also interested in
+ programming languages, theorem provers, and their type
+ systems. You may wish to view my
+ academic <a href="bandali-cv.html">curriculum vitae</a>.
+ </p>
+
+ <p class="notice">
+ <strong>SE 212 students:</strong>
+ see <a href="se212-f19/">here</a> for slides and other
+ material from the tutorials.
</p>
+
<p>
On the side, I dabble in <a href="https://leanprover.github.io">Lean</a>
and enjoy <a href="https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html">hacking</a> on
- <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/elisp.html">Emacs Lisp</a>.
+ <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/elisp.html">Elisp</a>.
+ I’m a <a href="https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html">Free Software</a> activist
+ and FSF <a href="https://www.fsf.org/associate/">supporter</a>, and a GNU maintainer
+ and <a href="https://www.gnu.org/people/webmeisters.html#bandali">webmaster</a>.
+ I co-host the <a href="https://emacsel.com">Emacs.el</a> podcast with
+ <a href="https://www.pygopar.com">Daniel Gopar</a>, and
+ organize <a href="https://emacsconf.org">EmacsConf</a> with
+ help from many wonderful people.
+
+ I am also a member of the Systems Committee for the
+ <a href="https://csclub.uwaterloo.ca">Computer Science Club
+ of the University of Waterloo</a>.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ See my <a href="contact.html">contact</a> page for how to
+ best reach me.
</p>
</section>
+
+ <h3 id="papers">Papers</h3>
+ <dl>
+ <dt>
+ A Comparison of the Declarative Modelling Languages B,
+ Dash, and TLA<sup>+</sup>
+ <span class="plinks">
+ [
+ <a href="papers/modre2018-declarative.pdf">pdf</a>
+ |
+ <a href="papers/modre2018-declarative.bib">bib</a>
+ ]
+ </span>
+ </dt>
+ <dd>
+ Ali Abbassi,
+ <a href="https://bandali.eu.org">Amin Bandali</a>,
+ <a href="https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~nday/">Nancy A. Day</a>,
+ and Jose Serna<br/>
+ <em>2018 IEEE 8th International Model-Driven Requirements
+ Engineering Workshop (MoDRE)</em><br/>
+ Copyright © 2018 IEEE. All Rights Reserved. Sadly.
+ </dd>
+ </dl>
+
+ <h3 id="talks">Talks</h3>
+ <dl>
+ <dt>
+ The Magic of Specifications and Type Systems
+ <span class="plinks">
+ [
+ <a href="talks/cucsc-2017-slides.pdf"
+ title="presented at the Canadian Undergraduate Computer Science Conference 2017,
+ University of Toronto, Canada, June 15-17, 2017">slides</a>
+ |
+ <a href="talks/eecs4080-poster.pdf"
+ title="presented at the Lassonde Undergraduate Summer Student Research Conference,
+ York University, Toronto, Canada, August 15, 2017">poster</a>
+ ]
+ </span>
+ </dt>
+ <dd>
+ <a href="https://bandali.eu.org">Amin Bandali</a>,
+ <a href="https://github.com/cipher1024">Simon Hudon</a>,
+ <a href="http://www.cse.yorku.ca/~jonathan/">Jonathan Ostroff</a>
+ </dd>
+ </dl>
+
+ <h3>Projects</h3>
+ <p>
+ Below are a number of free software projects I have worked on:
+ </p>
+ <dl>
+ <dt><a href="https://git.sr.ht/~bandali/george-mode">george-mode</a></dt>
+ <dd>Emacs major mode for editing George files</dd>
+
+ <dt><a href="https://git.uwaterloo.ca/bandali/alloy-catalyst">alloy-catalyst</a></dt>
+ <dd>Framework for performance analysis of Alloy models</dd>
+
+ <dt><a href="https://github.com/unitb/unitb-web">unitb-web</a></dt>
+ <dd>Web interface for Unit-B</dd>
+
+ <dt><a href="https://github.com/unitb/tex2png-hs">tex2png-hs</a></dt>
+ <dd>Library and CLI for converting TeX and LaTeX to PNG images</dd>
+ </dl>
+
+ <h3>Notes</h3>
+ <ul>
+ <!-- <li>
+ <a href="streaming-with-free-software.html">Streaming with
+ Free Software</a>
+ </li> -->
+ <li>
+ <a href="bandali-computing.html">How I do my computing</a>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
</main>
+ <footer>
+ <p>
+ Copyright © 2016–2019 Amin Bandali.
+ See <a href="/license.html">license.html</a> for license
+ conditions. Please copy and share.
+ </p>
+ </footer>
</body>
</html>
--- /dev/null
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en">
+ <head>
+ <meta charset="utf-8" />
+ <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
+ <title>Licensing Information | Amin Bandali</title>
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css" />
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ <nav><a href="/">bandali.eu.org</a> / license.html</nav>
+ <main>
+ <h1>License information for bandali.eu.org</h1>
+ <p>
+ I strongly believe in
+ <a href="https://questioncopyright.org/what_is_free_culture">free culture</a>
+ and that all creative works everywhere should be
+ <a href="https://freedomdefined.org/Definition">free</a>.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ Unless otherwise noted material on this site is licensed
+ under the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License,
+ or (at your option) any later version. A copy of the license
+ is included at <a href="/gpl-3.0.html">gpl-3.0.html</a>.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ Some resources on free software and licenses:
+ </p>
+
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html">What is free software?</a></li>
+ <li><a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html">Various Licenses and Comments about Them</a></li>
+ <li><a href="https://www.gnu.org/proprietary/proprietary.html">Proprietary Software Is Often Malware</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </main>
+ <footer>
+ <p>
+ Copyright © 2019 Amin Bandali. See the above information for
+ license conditions. Please copy and share.
+ </p>
+ </footer>
+ </body>
+</html>
+++ /dev/null
-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html lang="en">
- <head>
- <meta charset="utf-8" />
- <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
- <title>Amin Bandali's Now</title>
- <meta
- name="description"
- content="Amin Bandali's Now page" />
- <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css" />
- </head>
- <body>
- <main>
- <header>
- <h1 id="title"><a href="/">bandali</a></h1>
- <h2 id="subtitle">What I’m doing now</h2>
- </header>
- <section>
- <p>
- This is my <a href="https://nownownow.com/about">now page</a>.
- </p>
-
- <p>
- I’m currently a graduate student at the
- <a href="https://watform.uwaterloo.ca">Waterloo Formal Methods</a>
- group at University of Waterloo. I have finished my
- coursework requirements and am currently writing my thesis.
- Additionally, I will be an IA for
- <a href="https://www.student.cs.uwaterloo.ca/~se212/">SE
- 212: Logic and Computation</a> this Fall, and might end up
- posting related material over on my
- <a href="/se212-f19">se212-f19</a> page.
- </p>
-
- <p>
- In my spare time, my main focus currently is organizing
- <a href="https://emacsconf.org/2019/">EmacsConf 2019</a>.
- More generally, I enjoying writing
- <a href="https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.en.html">free software</a>,
- and tending to various tasks as a
- <a href="https://www.gnu.org/people/webmeisters.html#bandali">GNU webmaster</a>.
- I’ve also been picking up the guitar lately.
- </p>
-
- <p>
- This update was on August 29, 2019.
- </p>
- </section>
- </main>
- </body>
-</html>
+++ /dev/null
-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html lang="en">
- <head>
- <meta charset="utf-8" />
- <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
- <title>Amin Bandali's Publications</title>
- <meta
- name="description"
- content="Amin Bandali's publications" />
- <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css" />
- </head>
- <body>
- <main id="publications">
- <header>
- <h1 id="title"><a href="/">bandali</a></h1>
- <h2 id="subtitle">Publications</h2>
- </header>
- <section>
- <p>
- <a href="#conference">conference</a>
- |
- <a href="#talks">talks</a>
- </p>
- </section>
-
- <h3 id="conference">Conference</h3>
- <section>
- <dl>
- <dt>
- A Comparison of the Declarative Modelling Languages B,
- Dash, and TLA<sup>+</sup>
- <span class="plinks">
- [
- <a href="publications/modre2018-declarative.pdf">pdf</a>
- |
- <a href="publications/modre2018-declarative.bib">bib</a>
- |
- <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/MoDRE.2018.00008">doi</a>
- |
- <a href="https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~nday/models/2018-modre">models</a>
- ]
- </span>
- </dt>
- <dd>
- Ali Abbassi,
- <a href="https://bandali.eu.org">Amin Bandali</a>,
- <a href="https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~nday/">Nancy A. Day</a>,
- and Jose Serna
- </dd>
- <dd>
- <em>2018 IEEE 8th International Model-Driven Requirements
- Engineering Workshop (MoDRE)</em>
- </dd>
- </dl>
- </section>
-
- <h3 id="talks">Talks</h3>
- <section>
- <dl>
- <dt>
- The Magic of Specifications and Type Systems
- <span class="plinks">
- [
- <a href="publications/cucsc-2017-slides.pdf"
- title="presented at the Canadian Undergraduate Computer Science Conference 2017,
-University of Toronto, Canada, June 15-17, 2017">slides</a>
- |
- <a href="publications/eecs4080-poster.pdf"
- title="presented at the Lassonde Undergraduate Summer Student Research Conference,
-York University, Toronto, Canada, August 15, 2017">poster</a>
- ]
- </span>
- </dt>
- <dd>
- <a href="https://bandali.eu.org">Amin Bandali</a>,
- Simon Hudon,
- <a href="http://www.cse.yorku.ca/~jonathan/">Jonathan Ostroff</a>
- </dd>
- </dl>
- </section>
- </main>
- </body>
-</html>
+++ /dev/null
-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html lang="en">
- <head>
- <meta charset="utf-8" />
- <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
- <title>Amin Bandali's Research Interests</title>
- <meta
- name="description"
- content="Amin Bandali's scientific and research interests" />
- <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css" />
- </head>
- <body>
- <main>
- <header>
- <h1 id="title"><a href="/">bandali</a></h1>
- <h2 id="subtitle">Research interests</h2>
- </header>
- <section>
- <p>
- The main goal of my research is improving
- <strong>software reliability</strong>
- through application of <em>formal methods</em>.
- </p>
-
- <p>
- My current research
- at <a href="https://watform.uwaterloo.ca">WatForm</a>
- focuses on formal logic, model checking, and verification.
- I am also interested in programming languages, type systems,
- and interactive theorem proving.
- </p>
-
- <p>
- You may wish to view my
- academic <a href="cv">curriculum vitae</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
- </main>
- </body>
-</html>
--- /dev/null
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en">
+ <head>
+ <meta charset="utf-8" />
+ <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
+ <title>SE 212 Material | Amin Bandali</title>
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css" />
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ <nav><a href="/">bandali.eu.org</a> / se212-f19</nav>
+ <main>
+ <h1>Material from SE 212 tutorials</h1>
+ <p>
+ This page contains slides and other material from
+ <a href="https://www.student.cs.uwaterloo.ca/~se212/times.html">SE
+ 212 tutorials</a> held by me in Fall 2019.
+
+ If you have any questions, concerns, or suggestions about the
+ presented material, please email me at bandali@uwaterloo.ca or
+ come see me during my
+ <a href="https://www.student.cs.uwaterloo.ca/~se212/personnel.html">Friday
+ office hours</a>.
+ </p>
+
+ <ul>
+ <li>Tutorial 1:
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ <a href="se212-t01-101.pdf">TUT 101 slides</a>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <a href="se212-t01-102.pdf">TUT 102 slides</a>
+ </li>
+ <li><a href="se212-t01.org">Org beamer sources</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ <li>Tutorial 2:
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="se212-h02q04d-soln.grg">Homework 2 q04d solution</a>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li>Tutorial 3: —</li>
+ <li>Tutorial 4: —</li>
+ <li>Tutorial 5:
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="se212-t05.pdf">Slides</a></li>
+ <li><a href="se212-t05.org">Org beamer sources</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li>Tutorial 6: —</li>
+ <li>Tutorial 7: worked through questions 1–5 of Homework 7.</li>
+ </ul>
+ </main>
+ <footer>
+ <p>
+ Copyright © 2019 Amin Bandali.
+ See <a href="/license.html">license.html</a> for license
+ conditions. Please copy and share.
+ </p>
+ </footer>
+ </body>
+</html>
--- /dev/null
+#u abandali
+#a h02
+
+#q q04d
+
+p <=> q, p & q <=> (p | q)
+
+#check TP
+
+p <=> q <-> p & q <=> (p | q)
+
+ 1) p & q <=> (p | q)
+ 2) (p & q => p | q) & (p | q => p & q) by equiv
+ 3) (!(p & q) | p | q) & (!(p | q) | p & q) by impl * 2
+ 4) (!p | !q | p | q) & (!(p | q) | p & q) by dm
+ 5) (true | !q | q) & (!(p | q) | p & q) by lem
+ 6) true & (!(p | q) | p & q) by simp1
+ 7) !(p | q) | p & q by simp1
+ 8) !p & !q | p & q by dm
+ 9) (!p & !q | p) & (!p & !q | q) by distr
+10) (!p | p) & (!q | p) & (!p | q) & (!q | q) by distr * 2
+11) true & (!q | p) & (!p | q) & true by lem * 2
+12) (!q | p) & (!p | q) by simp1 * 2
+13) (q => p) & (p => q) by impl * 2
+14) p <=> q by equiv
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
+<head>
+<!-- 2019-09-18 Wed 23:12 -->
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" />
+<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
+<title>Propositional Logic</title>
+<meta name="generator" content="Org mode" />
+<meta name="author" content="Amin Bandali" />
+<style type="text/css">
+ <!--/*--><![CDATA[/*><!--*/
+ .title { text-align: center;
+ margin-bottom: .2em; }
+ .subtitle { text-align: center;
+ font-size: medium;
+ font-weight: bold;
+ margin-top:0; }
+ .todo { font-family: monospace; color: red; }
+ .done { font-family: monospace; color: green; }
+ .priority { font-family: monospace; color: orange; }
+ .tag { background-color: #eee; font-family: monospace;
+ padding: 2px; font-size: 80%; font-weight: normal; }
+ .timestamp { color: #bebebe; }
+ .timestamp-kwd { color: #5f9ea0; }
+ .org-right { margin-left: auto; margin-right: 0px; text-align: right; }
+ .org-left { margin-left: 0px; margin-right: auto; text-align: left; }
+ .org-center { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center; }
+ .underline { text-decoration: underline; }
+ #postamble p, #preamble p { font-size: 90%; margin: .2em; }
+ p.verse { margin-left: 3%; }
+ pre {
+ border: 1px solid #ccc;
+ box-shadow: 3px 3px 3px #eee;
+ padding: 8pt;
+ font-family: monospace;
+ overflow: auto;
+ margin: 1.2em;
+ }
+ pre.src {
+ position: relative;
+ overflow: visible;
+ padding-top: 1.2em;
+ }
+ pre.src:before {
+ display: none;
+ position: absolute;
+ background-color: white;
+ top: -10px;
+ right: 10px;
+ padding: 3px;
+ border: 1px solid black;
+ }
+ pre.src:hover:before { display: inline;}
+ /* Languages per Org manual */
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+ /*]]>*/-->
+</style>
+<script type="text/javascript">
+/*
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+
+Copyright (C) 2012-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+The JavaScript code in this tag is free software: you can
+redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU
+General Public License (GNU GPL) as published by the Free Software
+Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
+any later version. The code is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
+without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU GPL for more details.
+
+As additional permission under GNU GPL version 3 section 7, you
+may distribute non-source (e.g., minimized or compacted) forms of
+that code without the copy of the GNU GPL normally required by
+section 4, provided you include this license notice and a URL
+through which recipients can access the Corresponding Source.
+
+
+@licend The above is the entire license notice
+for the JavaScript code in this tag.
+*/
+<!--/*--><![CDATA[/*><!--*/
+ function CodeHighlightOn(elem, id)
+ {
+ var target = document.getElementById(id);
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+ elem.className = elem.cacheClassElem;
+ if(elem.cacheClassTarget)
+ target.className = elem.cacheClassTarget;
+ }
+/*]]>*///-->
+</script>
+</head>
+<body>
+<div id="content">
+<h1 class="title">Propositional Logic
+<br />
+<span class="subtitle">(SE 212 TUT 102)</span>
+</h1>
+
+<div id="outline-container-org3ca277c" class="outline-2">
+<h2 id="org3ca277c"><span class="section-number-2">1</span> Are you at the right place?</h2>
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-1">
+<p>
+We’re in MC 4040, for SE 212 TUT 102 (03:30-04:20W)
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div id="outline-container-orgc50c656" class="outline-2">
+<h2 id="orgc50c656"><span class="section-number-2">2</span> </h2>
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-2">
+<div class="org-center">
+<p>
+George
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div id="outline-container-orgc4929c6" class="outline-2">
+<h2 id="orgc4929c6"><span class="section-number-2">3</span> </h2>
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-3">
+
+<div class="figure">
+<p><img src="./george.png" alt="george.png" />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+<a href="https://www.student.cs.uwaterloo.ca/~se212/george/ask-george/">https://www.student.cs.uwaterloo.ca/~se212/george/ask-george/</a>
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div id="outline-container-org67896df" class="outline-2">
+<h2 id="org67896df"><span class="section-number-2">4</span> Tool support</h2>
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-4">
+<p>
+Over the years, students have developed a number of tools for using
+George and/or editing <code>.grg</code> files, such as plugins for Vim and Atom.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Check them out at
+</p>
+
+<div class="org-center">
+<p>
+Course website → George User Manual → Contributions
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div id="outline-container-org88ee3fd" class="outline-2">
+<h2 id="org88ee3fd"><span class="section-number-2">5</span> George mode for Emacs (new!)</h2>
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-5">
+<ul class="org-ul">
+<li>Syntax highlighting + a number of convenience functions</li>
+<li>Grab it from <a href="https://git.sr.ht/~bandali/george-mode">https://git.sr.ht/~bandali/george-mode</a> <br />
+(soon on Contributions page)</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div id="outline-container-org0ba02d1" class="outline-2">
+<h2 id="org0ba02d1"><span class="section-number-2">6</span> <code>a00q01.grg</code> (demo)</h2>
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-6">
+<p>
+Walk through answering <code>a00q01.grg</code> and submitting on MarkUs
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div id="outline-container-orgb863070" class="outline-2">
+<h2 id="orgb863070"><span class="section-number-2">7</span> Homework 1</h2>
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-7">
+<ul class="org-ul">
+<li>Let’s do a couple of questions from Homework 1</li>
+<li>Now you try the rest, let me know if you have any questions</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div id="postamble" class="status">
+<p class="date">Date: Wed Sep 11, 2019</p>
+<p class="author">Author: Amin Bandali</p>
+<p class="email">Email: <a href="mailto:bandali@uwaterloo.ca">bandali@uwaterloo.ca</a></p>
+<p class="date">Created: 2019-09-18 Wed 23:12</p>
+<p class="validation"><a href="http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer">Validate</a></p>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
--- /dev/null
+#+macro: topic Propositional Logic
+
+#+macro: room MC 4040
+#+macro: sec1 SE 212 TUT 101
+#+macro: sec2 SE 212 TUT 102
+#+macro: time1 02:30-03:20W
+#+macro: time2 03:30-04:20W
+
+#+macro: sec {{{sec2}}}
+#+macro: sectime {{{time2}}}
+
+#+title: {{{topic}}}
+#+subtitle: ({{{sec}}})
+#+author: Amin Bandali
+#+email: bandali@uwaterloo.ca
+#+date: Wed Sep 11, 2019
+#+language: en
+#+options: email:t num:t toc:nil \n:nil ::t |:t ^:t -:t f:t *:t <:t
+#+options: tex:t d:nil todo:t pri:nil tags:not-in-toc
+#+select_tags: export
+#+exclude_tags: noexport
+#+startup: beamer
+#+latex_class: beamer
+# #+latex_class_options: [bigger]
+#+latex_header: \setbeamercovered{transparent}
+#+latex: \setbeamertemplate{itemize items}[circle]
+#+beamer_color_theme: beaver
+
+* Are you at the right place?
+
+We’re in {{{room}}}, for {{{sec}}} ({{{sectime}}})
+
+*
+
+#+latex: \definecolor{darkred}{rgb}{0.8,0,0}
+#+latex: {\Large \color{darkred}
+#+begin_center
+George
+#+end_center
+#+latex: }
+
+*
+
+#+latex: \vspace{-2.5em}
+file:./george.png
+
+#+latex: {\footnotesize
+https://www.student.cs.uwaterloo.ca/~se212/george/ask-george/
+#+latex: }
+
+* Tool support
+
+Over the years, students have developed a number of tools for using
+George and/or editing =.grg= files, such as plugins for Vim and Atom.
+
+Check them out at
+
+#+begin_center
+Course website → George User Manual → Contributions
+#+end_center
+
+* George mode for Emacs (new!)
+
+- Syntax highlighting + a number of convenience functions
+- Grab it from https://git.sr.ht/~bandali/george-mode \\
+ (soon on Contributions page)
+
+* =a00q01.grg= (demo)
+
+Walk through answering =a00q01.grg= and submitting on MarkUs
+
+* Homework 1
+:PROPERTIES:
+:BEAMER_act: [<+->]
+:END:
+
+- Let’s do a couple of questions from Homework 1
+- Now you try the rest, let me know if you have any questions
--- /dev/null
+#+title: Predicate Logic
+#+subtitle: (SE 212 Tutorial 5)
+#+author: Amin Bandali
+#+email: bandali@uwaterloo.ca
+#+date: Wed Oct 9, 2019
+#+language: en
+#+options: email:t num:t toc:nil \n:nil ::t |:t ^:t -:t f:t *:t <:t
+#+options: tex:t d:nil todo:t pri:nil tags:not-in-toc
+#+select_tags: export
+#+exclude_tags: noexport
+#+startup: beamer
+#+latex_class: beamer
+# #+latex_class_options: [bigger]
+#+latex_header: \setbeamercovered{transparent}
+#+latex: \setbeamertemplate{itemize items}[circle]
+#+beamer_color_theme: beaver
+
+* Today’s plan
+:PROPERTIES:
+:BEAMER_act: [<+->]
+:END:
+
+- do some semantics questions from homework 4
+- do some ND questions from homework 5
+
+* =h04q05=
+
+Provide a counterexample to show that the following argument is not
+valid and demonstrate that your answer is correct.
+
+#+begin_example
+forall y : M . exists x : N . p(g(x), y)
+|=
+exists z : M . p(z, z)
+#+end_example
+
+* =h04q05= \small{(cont’d)}
+
+#+begin_example
+Domain:
+ M = {m1, m2}
+ N = {n1, n2}
+
+Mapping:
+ Syntax | Meaning
+ --------------------------
+ g(.) | G(n1) := m1
+ | G(n2) := m2
+ --------------------------
+ p(., .) | P(m1, m1) := F
+ | P(m1, m2) := T
+ | P(m2, m1) := T
+ | P(m2, m2) := F
+#+end_example
+
+* =h04q05= \small{(cont’d)}
+
+#+begin_example
+Premise:
+ [forall y : M . exists x : N . p(g(x), y)]
+ = [exists x: N. p(g(x), ^m1)] AND
+ [exists x: N . p(g(x), ^m2)]
+ = (P(G(n1), m1) OR P(G(n2), m1)) AND
+ (P(G(n1), m2) OR P(G(n2), m2))
+ = (P(m1, m1) OR P(m2, m1)) AND
+ (P(m1, m2) OR P(m2, m2))
+ = (F OR T) AND (T OR F)
+ = T
+#+end_example
+
+* =h04q05= \small{(cont’d)}
+
+#+begin_example
+Conclusion:
+ [exists z: M . p(z, z)]
+ = P(m1, m1) OR P(m2, m2)
+ = F OR F
+ = F
+#+end_example
+
+* =h04q06=
+
+Express the following sentences in predicate logic. Use types in your
+formalization. Is the set of formulas consistent? Demonstrate that
+your answer is correct using the semantics of predicate logic.
+
+#+begin_example
+All programmer like some computers.
+Some programmers use MAC.
+Therefore, some people who like some computers use MAC.
+#+end_example
+
+* =h04q06= \small{(cont’d)}
+
+All programmer like some computers.\\
+Some programmers use MAC.\\
+Therefore, some people who like some computers use MAC.
+
+#+begin_example
+Formalization:
+ programmer(x) means x is a programmer
+ usesmac(x) means x uses MAC
+ likes(x, y) means x likes y
+
+forall x: Person . programmer(x) =>
+ exists y: Computer . likes(x, y),
+exists x: Person . programmer(x) & usesmac(x)
+|-
+exists x: Person .
+ (exists y: Computer . likes(x, y) & usesmac(x))
+#+end_example
+
+* =h04q06= \small{(cont’d)}
+
+These sentences are /consistent/. Here is an interpretation in which
+all the formulas are T:
+
+#+begin_example
+Domain:
+ People = {John}
+ Computer = {MacPro}
+
+Mapping:
+ Syntax | Meaning
+ -------------------------------------------
+ programmer(.) | programmer(John) = T
+ likes(.,.) | likes(John, MacPro) = T
+ usesmac(.) | usesmac(John) = T
+#+end_example
+
+* =h04q06= \small{(cont’d)}
+
+#+begin_example
+formula 1:
+ [forall x: Person . programmer(x) =>
+ exists y: Computer . likes(x, y)]
+ = [programmer(^John) =>
+ exists y: Computer . likes(^John, y)]]
+ = programmer(John) IMP likes(John, MacPro)
+ = T IMP T
+ = T
+
+formula 2:
+ [exists x: Person . programmer(x) & usesmac(x)]
+ = programmer(John) AND usesmac(John)
+ = T AND T
+ = T
+#+end_example
+
+* =h04q06= \small{(cont’d)}
+
+#+begin_example
+formula 3:
+ [exists x: Person . (exists y: Computer .
+ likes(x, y) & usesmac(x))]
+ = [exists y: Computer .
+ likes(^John, y) & usesmac(^John)]
+ = likes(John, MacPro) AND usesmac(John)
+ = T AND T
+ = T
+#+end_example
+
+* =h05q01a=
+
+If the following arguments are valid, use natural deduction AND
+semantic tableaux to prove them; otherwise, provide a counterexample.
+
+#+begin_example
+forall x . s(x) | t(x),
+forall x . s(x) => t(x) & k(c, x),
+forall x . t(x) => m(x)
+|-
+m(c)
+where c is a constant
+#+end_example
+
+* =h05q01a= \small{(cont’d)}
+
+#+begin_example
+#check ND
+forall x . s(x) | t(x),
+forall x . s(x) => t(x) & k(c, x),
+forall x . t(x) => m(x)
+|-
+m(c)
+#+end_example
+
+* =h05q01a= \small{(cont’d)}
+
+#+begin_example
+1) forall x . s(x) | t(x) premise
+2) forall x . s(x) => t(x) & k(c, x) premise
+3) forall x . t(x) => m(x) premise
+4) s(c) | t(c) by forall_e on 1
+5) s(c) => t(c) & k(c, c) by forall_e on 2
+6) t(c) => m(c) by forall_e on 3
+7) case s(c) {
+ 8) t(c) & k(c, c) by imp_e on 5, 7
+ 9) t(c) by and_e on 8
+ 10) m(c) by imp_e on 6, 9
+}
+11) case t(c) {
+ 12) m(c) by imp_e on 6, 11
+}
+13) m(c) by cases on 4, 7-10, 11-12
+#+end_example
+
+* =h05q01b=
+
+Is this formula a tautology?
+
+#+begin_example
+|- (exists x . p(x)) => forall y . p(y)
+#+end_example
+
+* =h05q01b= \small{(cont’d)}
+
+No, this formula is not a tautology. Interpretation:
+
+#+begin_example
+1) Domain = {a, b}
+
+2) Mapping:
+ Syntax | Meaning
+ ----------------------
+ p(.) | P(a) = T
+ | P(b) = F
+
+Conclusion:
+ [(exists x. p(x)) => forall y. p(y)]
+= (P(a) OR P(b)) IMP (P(a) AND P(b))
+= (T OR F) IMP (T AND F)
+= T IMP F
+= F
+#+end_example
+
+* =h05q01d=
+
+Is this argument valid?
+
+#+begin_example
+forall x . p(x) | q(x),
+forall x . !p(x)
+|-
+forall x . q(x)
+#+end_example
+
+* =h05q01d= \small{(cont’d)}
+
+#+begin_example
+#check ND
+
+forall x . p(x) | q(x), forall x . !p(x) |- forall x . q(x)
+
+1) forall x . p(x) | q(x) premise
+2) forall x . !p(x) premise
+3) for every xg {
+ 4) p(xg) | q(xg) by forall_e on 1
+ 5) case p(xg) {
+ 6) !p(xg) by forall_e on 2
+ 7) q(xg) by not_e on 5, 6
+ }
+ 8) case q(xg) {}
+ 9) q(xg) by cases on 4, 5-7, 8-8
+}
+10) forall x. q(x) by forall_i on 3-9
+#+end_example
+
+* Announcements
+
+- no tutorial next week (Oct 16) (reading week)
+- no tutorial the week after (Oct 23) (midterm marking)
}
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- font-family: FreeSans, sans-serif;
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+ font-family: sans-serif;
+ line-height: 1.6;
padding: 1em;
}
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+nav, main, footer {
margin: auto;
+ max-width: 38rem;
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- font-weight: normal;
- margin-bottom: 0;
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+ /* margin-top: 1em; */
+ margin-bottom: 3em;
+ /* margin-top: 2%; */
+}
+footer {
+ border-top: 1px solid #bbb;
+ padding-top: 1em;
}
-#title:after {
- content: ".eu.org";
- color: #dadada;
+footer p {
+ margin: 0;
+ font-size: 0.84em;
}
-#title a {
- color: inherit;
- border-bottom: 1px solid #eaeaea;
+
+#hiddentitle {
+ font-size: 0;
}
-#title a:hover {
- background-color: whitesmoke;
- border-bottom-color: #e3e3e3;
+h1 {
+ font-size: 1.5em;
}
#subtitle {
display: inline;
}
a {
+ color: #295bad;
text-decoration: none;
- outline: 0;
+}
+a:hover, a:focus {
+ transition-property: background;
+ transition-duration: 0.1s;
+ background: #f2f8fa;
+ padding: 0.25em 0;
+ color: #0745ad;
+}
+a:active {
+ color: #a10029;
+}
+/*
+a:active {
+ color: #06d;
+ box-shadow: 0 1px 1px #ddd;
+}
+*/
+
+h4 {
+ margin: 0.75em auto;
}
article h3 {
color: #777;
}
+.notice {
+ background-color: #efefef;
+ text-align: center;
+ position: relative;
+}
+.notice::before {
+ content: "↪";
+ position: absolute;
+ left: 0.5em;
+ bottom: 0.05em;
+}
+.notice::after {
+ content: "↩";
+ position: absolute;
+ right: 0.5em;
+ bottom: 0.05em;
+}
+
code {
font-size: 1.15em;
text-transform: none;
padding-right: 0
}
-nav ul {
- list-style-type: none;
- padding: 0;
-}
-nav li {
- display: inline;
-}
-nav li:after {
- content: "\00a0\00b7";
-}
-nav li:last-child:after {
- content: "";
-}
-
-main {
- display: grid;
- grid-template-columns: auto 32em auto;
- grid-column-gap: 1.5em;
- grid-row-gap: 1em;
-}
-
-main > h3 {
- grid-column: 1;
- text-align: right;
- font-size: 1em;
- font-weight: normal;
-}
-
-main > header, main > section {
- grid-column: 2;
-}
-
-main > h3, ul:first-child {
- margin-top: 0;
- margin-bottom: 0;
-}
-p:first-child {
- margin-top: 0;
-}
-p:last-child {
- margin-bottom: 0;
-}
-
-#publications section {
- text-transform: none;
-}
dl {
margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;
}
margin: 0;
}
dt {
- margin-bottom: 0.5em;
+ margin-bottom: 0.15em;
}
dd {
+ font-size: 0.9em;
margin-left: 1.5em;
+ margin-bottom: 0.75em;
}
-#publications dd, .plinks {
+.plinks {
font-size: 0.9em;
}
+
+ul, ol {
+ list-style: none;
+ padding-left: 1.5em;
+ position: relative;
+}
+
+li {
+ margin-bottom: 0.25em;
+}
+
+ul > li::before {
+ content: '•';
+ position: absolute;
+ left: 0.5em;
+}
+
/*
ol {
margin: 0;
projects / ~bandali / bndl.org / commitdiff